To address the issues of coarse surface structure and high scrap rate of high carbon chromium bearings after conventional carbonitriding treatment,improvements were made to the existing process.On the basis of the original carbonitriding+quenching and tempering process,an air cooling process was added after carbonitriding.The results show that the improved process effectively resolves the contradiction between the depth of infiltration layer and the level of microstructure,and improves the level of the martensite.Compared with the conventional carbonitriding process,the improved process results in smaller size distortion of the bearing inner ring,satisfactory surface microstructure and hardness,and the fatigue life of 5.5L10.