摘要
使用低压真空表面渗氧技术、扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪、X射线光电子能谱技术和纳米压痕技术等手段研究了不同工艺下人工关节材料纯钽的表面渗氧产物及硬度.结果表明,在500℃渗氧2 h、273 mL(通氧量,下同)的条件下可以在纯钽表面制备出物相为钽氧化合物 Ta4O、平均厚度约为 3.6 μm 的渗层.在 550 ℃ × 2 h/273 mL、550 ℃ ×5 h/1.3 mL、550℃× 10 h/0.013 mL 以及650 ℃ ×3 h/0.013 mL条件下可以制备出δ-(Ta,O)化合物.通过调整渗氧温度、时间和通氧量可以实现δ-(Ta,O)化合物渗层厚度的改变.在550 ℃渗氧1 h、273 mL通氧量的条件下可制备出平均厚度约为60 μm的渗层,其物相为多价态钽的钽氧化合物;经渗氧处理后试样的硬度为(160.27±2.80)HV5,其最大纳米压痕硬度为7.92 GPa,显著地高于纯钽原始试样,该工艺可提高用于人工关节的钽基材料耐磨性,进而提高其使用寿命.
Abstract
Surface oxygen infiltration products and hardness of the pure tantalum used as artificial joints under different processes were studied by means of low pressure vacuum surface oxygenation technology,scanning electron microscope(SEM),X-ray diffractometer(XRD),X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)and nanoindentation technology.The results show that surface oxygen infiltrated layer with thickness of about 3.6 μm,which contains the phase of tantalum oxide Ta4O,can be prepared under the condition of 500 ℃ ×2 h/273 mL(oxygen flow volume,the same below).The δ-(Ta,O)compounds can be prepared under the conditions of 550 ℃ ×2 h/273 mL,550℃× 5 h/1.3 mL,550 ℃ × 10 h/0.013 mL and 650 ℃ ×3 h/0.013 mL.The thickness of surface oxygen infiltrated layer with δ-(Ta,O)compounds varies according to the parameters of oxygen infiltration temperature,time and oxygen flow volume.The surface oxygen infiltrated layer with the average thickness of nearly 60 μm is prepared under the condition of 550 ℃ ×1 h/273 mL,and the surface phase is tantalum oxides with polyvalent tantalum,the Vickers hardness and maximum nanoindentation hardness of the specimen are(160.27±2.80)HV5 and 7.92 GPa,respectively,which are significantly higher than those of the pure tantalum.This technology can be used to increase the abrasion resistance and lifespan of the Ta-based artificial joints.
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