Technological Embedding,Institutional Supply,and Information Transformation:Innovative Pathways for the Marketization of Public Services
As China undergoes profound changes in the relationship between government and market,certain public services previously provided by the government are gradually becoming suitablefor market-oriented operations.Existing research often provides theoretical support from a macro perspective to explain the characteristics and performance of different supply models,discussing various challenges in the marketization of public services and offering targeted solutions.However,there is an urgent need to distill the specific characteristics of these practices to elevate them to a more universal level,allowing for a systematic understanding of"what forces"are driving"which changes",thereby promoting"collective action"and influencing ultimate governance performance.The root causes of difficulties and bottlenecks in public service marketization lie in three unresolved questions:"What types of public services are suitable for market-oriented operations?","Why have some public services successfully achieved marketization?",and"How can marketized public services sustain in the long term?"The"embedded elderly care"in City G and the"fee-for-service elevators"in City Z are typical cases that have successfully achieved and stably maintained"market compatibility".By deeply describing their transformation processes,three key factors have been identified:"technological embedding","institutional supply",and"information transformation",which can address the aforementioned fundamental questions.First,technological embedding alters certain characteristics of the supply and demand chain of public services,thereby initiating collective action around institutional change.Second,the degree to which institutional supply accommodates heterogeneous preferences affects the level of multiple collective actions.Third,effective transformation mechanisms for professional knowledge and other information incentivize diverse actors to adjust and maintain collective action.This logic helps explain why marketization theoretically"works when applied"but"fails when left alone"in practice,thus providing a new perspective for analyzing the cooperation among multiple actors in the"government-market-society"framework.
public servicesmarketizationcollective actiontechnological governanceinstitutional performance
NETL
NSTL
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