Agglomeration Externalities,Congestion Externalities and Optimal Toll for a Two-city System
The presence of agglomeration externalities contributes to the enhancement of economic development in a two-city system,while also giving rise to congestion externalities associated with intercity commuting.In order to alleviate the traffic congestion in intercity commuting,the optimal toll can be used to adjust the relationship between traffic supply and demand.This paper investigates how the optimal toll level for intercity commuting varies with the magnitude of traffic congestion externalities and agglomeration externalities.The paper develops spatial equilibrium and social optimum models for the two-city system,analyzes the distribution of employment and residence for households,and obtains the optimal toll level for intercity commuting.The results show that the optimal toll level for intercity commuting may be significantly lower than the corresponding traffic congestion externalities cost due to the presence of the agglomeration externalities.When considering fixed agglomeration externalities,the optimal toll level for intercity commuting increases with congestion externalities.When considering fixed traffic congestion externalities,the optimal toll level for intercity commuting initially rises and then declines as agglomeration externalities increase.When agglomeration externalities and traffic congestion externalities change at the same time,as agglomeration externalities increase and traffic congestion externalities decrease,the optimal toll for intercity commuting is less than zero,at which point intercity commuting is subsidized.
万方数据
维普
