Study on Restraining the Standing Wave Effect of Axle Box Spring Based on Damping Alloy Layer
The axle box spring of high-speed trains is the main transmission path for sound transmission in the bogie structure,and its standing wave effect has a significant impact on the high-frequency vibration isolation characteristics of the bogie and even the interior noise.In this paper,based on the mechanism of spring standing wave effect,the finite element model of the axle box spring is established by using the finite element method,the distribution characteristics of modal strain energy of the axle box spring in the frequency range of 0～2000 Hz are explored,the structural design scheme of laying the damping alloy layer on the inside of the axle box spring strip is proposed,and the influence of the thickness of damping alloy layer on the suppression characteristics is investigated.The results show that due to the inertia effect of the mass distribution of the axle box spring,there isan obvious standing wave effect at the high frequency,which has a significant impact on the vibration isolation performance of the axle box spring.Attaching a damping alloy layer on the inner side of the axle box spring strip can effectively improve its damping performance.A 2 mm thick damping alloy layer can increase the modal loss factor of the axle box spring from 0.001 to 0.005.The vibration peak suppression amount selected in the peak dense area and peak sparse area can reach 16.3 dB and 13.4 dB respectively,and the maximum suppression amount in the one-third octave band can reach 6.8 dB.The relevant research results provide guidance and support for the control of vibration and noise of high-speed trains.
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