摘要
甲醇氧化电催化剂是决定直接甲醇燃料电池(DMFCs)性能、寿命与成本的关键.为获得高功率密度和低生产成本的DMFCs,设计合成组成、结构、形貌可控的阳极催化剂备受关注.阳极催化剂的颗粒尺寸、粒径分布、形貌结构、稳定性、分散性以及催化活性都与载体息息相关,而碳基载体材料由于其优异的性能已广泛应用于 DMFCs 中.首先,介绍了酸性环境和碱性环境中甲醇氧化反应的机理;然后,对不同形式的碳基载体材料,如炭黑、介孔碳、碳纳米材料、氧功能化碳、杂原子掺杂碳以及金属氧化物改性碳作为催化剂载体在DMFCs中的应用进行了综述;最后,对DMFCs的发展趋势进行了展望.
Abstract
Methanol oxidation electrocatalysts are the key to the performance,life and cost of direct methanol fuel cells(DMFCs).In order to obtain DMFCs with high power density and low production cost,the design and synthesis of anode catalysts with controllable composition,structure and morphology have attracted much attention.The particle size,particle size distribution,morphology,stability,dispersion and catalytic activity of anode catalysts are closely related to the anode supports,and carbon-based support materials have been widely used in DMFCs due to their excellent properties.Herein,the mechanism of methanol oxidation reaction in acidic and alkaline environments was introduced.And the application of different forms of carbon materials,such as carbon black,mesoporous carbon,carbon nanomaterials,graphene,oxygen-functionalized carbon,heteroatom-doped carbon,and metal oxide-modified carbon as catalyst supports in the field of DMFCs were then reviewed.Finally,the development trend of DMFCs was discussed.
基金项目
甘肃省基础研究创新群体项目(22JR5RA219)
NETL
NSTL
维普
万方数据