Optimization and prospect of dark fermentation hydrogen production strategy by metal nanoparticles under"double carbon"
Hydrogen energy is an important direction to promote the low-carbon transformation of fossil energy under"double carbon".Though development of green hydrogen technology still faces many challenges,microbial dark fermentation is an effective way to achieve green hydrogen conversion of biomass.The use of metal nanoparticles(MNPs)with quantum size effect,large specific surface area and high conductivity to optimize dark fermentation hydrogen production technology is a research hotspot in recent years.In this review,the mechanism,technical difficulties and effects of MNPs on optimization of the hydrogen production performance by dark fermentation at home and abroad were summarized and discussed.The effects of three popular MNPs optimization strategies of iron,nickel and zinc on improving the activity of hydrogenase system,enhancing the metabolic hydrogen production pathway and optimizing the microbial community structure were then emphatically described and compared.Finally,the research directions and application potential of dark fermentation hydrogen production were prospected,such as optimizing the activity of hydrogenase by MNPs,broadening the substrate of biomass fermentation,screening and reactor design of hydrogen-producing bacteria,and developing biomass fermentation technology.
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