摘要
光催化技术应用于水处理领域,既可以提高水质安全,也可以缓解全球水资源短缺问题,是一项具有广泛应用前景的技术.该文介绍了光催化技术的机理及常见光催化剂的特点,重点综述了光催化技术在饮用水中的除臭、消毒,在染料废水､ 含油废水､ 制药废水､ 催化还原重金属离子､ 养殖废水､ 焦化废水方面的应用.自由基途径与非自由基途径在该技术中发挥重要作用,在光催化材料中,TiO2､ 金属-有机框架(MOFs)基光催化材料及其类似材料(如MIL系列､ ZIFs系列等)可产生更多的·OH;TiO2､ g-C3N4基光催化材料可产生更多的·O2-和e-;CdS､ TiO2､ g-C3N4基光催化材料可产生更多的h+.最后对光催化技术的机理､ 光催化材料、水处理方向及实际应用进行了总结与展望.
Abstract
The water treatment application of photocatalytic technology,a technology with broad application prospects,not only can improve water quality safety,but also alleviate the global water resource shortages.In this review,the basic principles of photocatalytic technology and the characteristics of common photocatalysts were introduced,followed by an emphatic review on the application of photocatalytic technology in odor removal and disinfection in drinking water,dye wastewater,oily wastewater,pharmaceutical wastewater,catalytic reduction of heavy metal ions,aquaculture wastewater,and coking wastewater.Meanwhile,it was found that free radical and non-free radical pathways played important roles in this technology.Among photocatalytic materials,TiO2,metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)based photocatalytic materials and other similar materials(such as MIL series,ZIFs series,etc.)could produce more·OH;While TiO2 and g-C3N4 based photocatalytic materials could produce more·O2-and e-,and CdS,TiO2 and g-C3N4 based photocatalytic materials could produce more h+.Finally,the photocatalytic mechanism,photocatalytic materials,future development in water treatment direction and practical application were summarized and prospected.
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