Advances in electrocatalytic reduction of nitrate to ammonia over copper-based catalysts
Nitrate concentration in the environment has been increasing due to human industrial and agricultural activities,and electrocatalytic technology for reduction of nitrate to ammonia is in line with the"two-carbon"policy,achieving the dual purpose of nitrate pollution removal and ammonia preparation.Herein,the reaction mechanism of electrocatalytic nitrate reduction by copper-based materials was reviewed,from which the root for the advantageous properties of different copper-based catalytic materials was analyzed.Meanwhile,the electrocatalytic performance of different copper-based catalytic materials was summarized based on analysis data obtained from a large number of research examples of copper monoatoms,monometallic copper,copper-based alloys,copper-based oxides and copper-metal organic frameworks.The influencing factors on nitrate reduction catalyzed by copper-based materials were discussed and the existing problems were pointed out to provide reference for future development and practical applications.
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