摘要
两性离子聚合物含有相同数量的正负电荷,整体呈电中性,可通过静电相互作用与水分子形成超强水化层,有效阻止非特异性蛋白质吸附、细菌及血小板等黏附,这种优异的抗生物污染特性使其在生物医学及工程领域受到了广泛关注.该文简述了两性离子聚合物包括水合作用和空间效应在内的抗生物污染机理;概括了两性离子聚合物的抗蛋白质吸附、抗细菌感染、抗血栓生成、抗免疫排斥反应等抗生物污染特性;重点综述了两性离子聚合物在医疗器械涂层、生物传感器敷料、药物递送载体、界面润滑剂、医用敷料等方面的应用进展.最后分析了两性离子聚合物在实际应用中的涂层均匀性、稳定性等方面存在的问题,并对其应用前景进行展望.
Abstract
Zwitterionic polymers,containing an equal number of positive and negative charges thus showing overall electrical neutrality,effectively prevent non-specific protein adsorption,bacteria and platelets adhesion by the super hydration layer formed with water molecules through electrostatic interaction.The excellent anti-biological pollution performance has attracted wide attention from the field of biomedical engineering.In this review,the anti-biofouling mechanisms of zwitterionic polymers,including hydration effects and spatial effects,was briefly introduced.The anti-biofouling performance of zwitterionic polymers,such as anti-protein adsorption,anti-bacterial infection,anti-thrombus formation and anti-immune rejection were then summarized,with an emphasis on their application in medical device coatings,biosensor dressings,drug delivery carriers,interfacial lubricants,and medical excipients.Finally,the existing challenges in coating uniformity and stability of zwitterionic polymers in practical application were analyzed,and the future application prospect was discussed.
维普
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