Research progress in biological applications of zwitterionic polymers
Zwitterionic polymers,containing an equal number of positive and negative charges thus showing overall electrical neutrality,effectively prevent non-specific protein adsorption,bacteria and platelets adhesion by the super hydration layer formed with water molecules through electrostatic interaction.The excellent anti-biological pollution performance has attracted wide attention from the field of biomedical engineering.In this review,the anti-biofouling mechanisms of zwitterionic polymers,including hydration effects and spatial effects,was briefly introduced.The anti-biofouling performance of zwitterionic polymers,such as anti-protein adsorption,anti-bacterial infection,anti-thrombus formation and anti-immune rejection were then summarized,with an emphasis on their application in medical device coatings,biosensor dressings,drug delivery carriers,interfacial lubricants,and medical excipients.Finally,the existing challenges in coating uniformity and stability of zwitterionic polymers in practical application were analyzed,and the future application prospect was discussed.
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