Effects of amount of tomato straw compost addition on seedling growth and root morphology
[Objective]China is a major producer of tomatoes,the amount of tomato straw waste is increasing year by year,which calls urgently for the harmless treatment and utilization.The experiment involves high-temperature and aerobic fermentation of tomato straw to form organic fertilizer.Different amounts of tomato straw compost(TS)were added to the base fertilizer.By analyzing the response characteristics of tomato seedling growth and root morphology,an optimized application plan for tomato compost was formed.The aim is to explore the fertilizer utilization technology of tomato straw waste.[Method]According to the ratio of compost to dry soil,1%,2%,3%and 4%addition treatments were set up to analyze the plant growth index,root morphological index,rhizosphere nutrient content and correlation of tomato seedlings planted for 30 days.[Result]Compared with the control CK,the height,stem diameter,dry matter mass,and seedling strength index of tomato seedlings treated with 1%added tomato straw compost(TS)were significantly lower than those of CK,and their root surface area,projected area,and root volume were also lower than those of CK within the diameter range of>5 mm.The tomato straw compost treatments with an addition of 2%could significantly increase the root length,root volume,and root surface area of tomato seedlings,reduce the average root diameter,but have no significant effect on aboveground growth and material accumulation.The 3%TS and 4%TS treatments significantly increased the accumulation of plant height,stem diameter,and whole plant dry matter mass in tomato seedlings,and these was no significant difference between the two treatments in terms of these three indexes.However,the 3%TS treatment significantly increased the root volume and surface area of tomato seedlings compared with the 4%TS treatment.The root system with a diameter range of 0-0.5 mm and 0.5-2 mm had the highest contribution to the length of tomato root system.Adding tomato straw compost treatment could increase the root length within the diameter range of<0.5 cm and 0.5-2 mm,as well as the root surface area and projection area within the diameter range of 0.5-2 mm.Among them,the 3%TS treatment had the highest increase in root length.3%TS and 4%TS treatments could increase the total carbon,total nitrogen,and available nutrient content in the rhizosphere soil of tomato seedlings,with the highest increase in soil available phosphorus nutrient content.Redundancy analysis RDA showed that soil available phosphorus was a key soil environmental factor affecting the formation of tomato seedling root morphology.[Conclusion]For tomato production in solar greenhouse,adding 3%tomato straw compost to the base fertilizer can significantly improve the soil nutrient environment,increase root biomass,and promote the accumulation of plant substances.
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