Genetic analysis of oil-related traits in offspring of nested mating of Camellia oleifera
[Objective]This study aims to explore the mechanism of parental selection in intraspecific and interspecific hybrid crosses,thus providing guidance for hybrid breeding of oil-tea with high oil content.[Method]The offspring of intraspecific and interspecific hybrid were made by nested mating between Camellia oleifera and C.meiocarpa.The oil,lignin,cellulose and hemicellulose contents of seed kernel were measured.The genetic effects of the important traits,the general combining ability(GCA)of the female parent,the specific combining ability(SCA)of the parent combinations were evaluated.[Result]The results showed that the oil content of seed kernels of 12 families ranged between 17.83%and 53.55%,the lignin content between 4.68%and 18.12%,the cellulose content between 3.66%and 13.04%and hemicellulose content between 0.54%and 12.20%.The oil,lignin,cellulose and hemicellulose contents of kernel were significantly different between the families and male parents with same female parent.Oil contents were significantly and negatively correlated with lignin and hemicellulose conents,with the correlation coefficients of-0.489 and-0.297,respectively.The GCA of Changlin No.4 in oil content of seed kernel was 1.57,which was the highest in the all females.The SCA evaluation found that the intraspecific hybrid crosses,40×95 and 4×18,showed the higher SCA in oil content and lower SCA in lignin,cellulose and hemicellulose contents.The interspecific hybrid combinations had a usual lower SCA for oil content,except 53×Xiao 2 with a higher SCA of 2.77.Oil,cellulose,and hemicellulose contents were mainly controlled by dominant genetic effects,and the non-additive variance was higher than the additive variance.It's suggested that the SCA of the parents for these three traits was more important than the GCA.The single plant heritability of four traits were ranged between 10.84%and 58.35%,and the family heritability were between 4.23%and 21.35%.The traits in this study were influenced by strong environmental effects.[Conclusion]Based on the results of combining ability evaluation and phenotypic analysis,the excellent intraspecific hybrid combinations 40×95 and 4×18,the interspecific hybrid combination 53×Xiao 2 are recommended using in the creation of high oil content hybrid germplasm for oil tea.
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