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南酸枣花粉离体萌发及活力快速测定

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[目的]筛选南酸枣花粉离体萌发适宜的培养条件和培养时间,研究其花粉活力快速检测方法,以期为南酸枣人工授粉和杂交育种工作提供参考.[方法]采集将要开放的南酸枣花穗,通过水培法获取成熟南酸枣花粉;设置不同浓度的蔗糖、硼酸、氯化钙,采用L16(43)正交试验设计和液体培养法进行花粉离体萌发培养,筛选最佳的南酸枣花粉离体培养条件和培养时间;分别采用I2-KI染色法、TTC染色法和红墨水染色法对花粉进行染色,结合最佳花粉离体萌发条件培养后所得出的萌发率,比较不同染色方法,找出适合南酸枣花粉活力快速检测的方法.[结果]蔗糖、硼酸、氯化钙对南酸枣花粉萌发率和花粉管长度具有显著影响(P<0.05).三因素对南酸枣花粉萌发的影响由大到小依次为蔗糖(A)、氯化钙(C)和蔗糖(B).正交试验结果表明:20%蔗糖、0.3%硼酸和0.03%氯化钙组合花粉萌发效果最好,花粉萌发率为91.41%,花粉管长度为250.91 μm.由极差和方差分析结果得知,蔗糖20%、硼酸0.3%和氯化钙0.02%组合花粉萌发效果最好,经验证,花粉萌发率为93.27%,花粉管长度为296.34 μm,结果优于20%蔗糖、0.3%硼酸和0.03%氯化钙组合.当花粉离体培养6 h时,花粉萌发率趋于稳定,花粉管长度适中、不堆叠,利于观察和统计数据.红墨水染色法与花粉离体萌发培养萌发率相近,两者间无显著差异(P>0.05),可以作为南酸枣花粉活力的快速检测方法.[结论]南酸枣花粉离体萌发最佳培养组合为20%蔗糖、0.3%硼酸和0.02%氯化钙,最适的培养时间为6 h,红墨水染色法适用于南酸枣花粉活力快速测定.
In vitro germination and rapid detection of pollen viability for Choerospondias axillaris
[Objective]This study aims to screening the suitable cultivation conditions and time of in vitro pollen germination as well as studying the rapid detection method of pollen viability for Choerospondias axillaris,thus providing reference for artificial pollination and hybrid breeding of Choerospondias axillaris in the future.[Method]The flower spikes of Choerospondias axillaris which will be bloomed were collected.Mature pollen of Choerospondias axillaris through hydroponic method was collected.Different concentrations of sucrose,boric acid and calcium chloride were set up.The L16(43)orthogonal test design and liquid culture method were used to select the best pollen culture conditions and culture time of Choerospondias axillaris in vitro.I2-KI staining method,TTC staining method and red ink staining method were used to dyeing the pollen respectively.Combined with the germination rate obtained after the culture of the best pollen germination conditions in vitro,different staining methods were compared to find a suitable method for rapid detection of pollen viability of Choerospondias axillaris.[Result]Sucrose,boric acid and calcium chloride had significant effects on pollen germination rate and pollen tube length of Choerospondias axillaris(P<0.05).The effects of three factors on pollen germination of Choerospondias axillaris were as follows:sucrose(A)>calcium chloride(C)>sucrose(B).The results of the orthogonal experiment showed that the combination of 20%sucrose,0.3%boric acid and 0.03%calcium chloride had the best pollen germination effect.with the pollen germination rate of 91.41%and the pollen tube length of 250.91 μm.According to the results of range and variance analysis,the combination of 20%sucrose,0.3%boric acid,and 0.02%calcium chloride,had the best pollen germination effect.After verification,the pollen germination rate is 93.27%,and the pollen tube length is 296.34 μm.The results were superior to the combination of 20%sucrose,0.3%boric acid,and 0.03%calcium chloride.When the pollen was cultured in vitro for 6h,the pollen germination rate tended to stabilize,and the pollen tube length was moderate and not stacked,which was conducive to observation and statistical data.The red ink dyeing method had a similar germination rate to pollen in vitro germination culture,and there was no significant difference between the two methods(P>0.05),which can be used as a rapid detection method of the pollen vitality of Choerospondias axillaris.[Conclusion]The best culture combination for pollen germination in vitro of Choerospondias axillaris is 20%sucrose,0.3%boric acid and 0.02%calcium chloride.The optimal cultivation time is 6 h.The red ink dyeing method is suitable for rapid detection of pollen viability of Choerospondias axillaris.

Choerospondias axillarispollenin vitro germinationpollen vitality

张薇、蒋诗音、王燕、孙荣喜、吴南生、汪家魏、丁菲

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江西农业大学 林学院/亚热带森林资源培育江西省重点实验室,江西 南昌 330032

江西农业大学 南酸枣研究所,江西 南昌 330032

南酸枣 花粉 离体萌发 花粉活力

国家自然科学基金项目江西省林业厅科技创新项目

32160387创新专项[2021]04号

2024

江西农业大学学报
江西农业大学

江西农业大学学报

CSTPCD北大核心
影响因子:0.748
ISSN:1000-2286
年,卷(期):2024.46(4)
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