Design and testing of key components of comb-type Camellia oleifera anther collector
[Objective]In order to address the difficulties of manual collection such as labor intensity and time consumption,as well as the lack of mechanization,this study proposes the design of a device for collecting Camellia oleifera anther,which aims to capture all the pollen released after the anther splits.Furthermore,the working process and key component parameters of the device have been designed and analyzed.[Method]Based on the analysis of the pollination and fertilization agronomic traits and mechanical properties of Camellia oleifera,a comb-type Camellia oleifera anther collector was designed.The interaction process between the Camellia oleifera anther and the comb separation mechanism was mechanically analyzed to determine the main factors affecting anther harvesting performance.Using anther cleaning rate and flower damage rate as evaluation indicators,a single-factor experimental method was employed to determine the range of values for the comb clearance,comb installation angle and comb roller speed.Furthermore,a three-factor and three-level orthogonal experiment was conducted with comb clearance,comb installation angle,and comb roller speed as the experimental factors.Using anther cleaning rate and flower damage rate as assessment indicators,the Design-expert software was utilized to optimize the experimental factors and obtain the optimal parameter combinations for each factor.Based on the optimized working parameters,a performance test was conducted on the Camellia oleifera anther harvesting by using the time taken to harvest the anther of a single Camellia oleifera flower as the evaluation metric.The harvesting efficiency of the comb-type Camellia oleifera anther collector was determined.[Result]The ranking of factors in terms of affecting the anther cleaning rate is comb roller speed,comb installation angle,and comb clearance.For the flower damage rate,the ranking of factors is comb roller speed,comb installation angle,and comb clearance.Based on the comprehensive analysis,the optimal combination of parameter is:comb clearance of 0.59 mm,comb installation angle of 58°,and comb roller speed of 322.23 r/min.With these parameters,the anther collector achieves an anther net collection rate of 97.02%and a flower damage rate of 8.33%.The harvesting performance test shows that the comb-type Camellia oleifera anther collector has an average harvesting efficiency of approximately 3.88 seconds per flower.[Conclusion]The proposed method of using the comb mechanism for anther collection is feasible,and the developed comb-type Camellia oleifera anther collector operates stably,meeting the agronomic requirements for Camellia oleifera production.It can provide a reference for research on the mechanization of pollen collection technology and equipment for Camellia oleifera.
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