[目的]旨在调查掌握猕猴桃褐斑病田间周年发生特点，通过田间试验评价不同绿色药剂组合，或绿色药剂与化学药剂组合在田间对猕猴桃褐斑病的防治效果，筛选出高效绿色防治药剂，同时通过不同时期施药，筛选猕猴桃褐斑病的防治适期及合理施药次数，提出对褐斑病高效的绿色施药方案。[方法]于试验地点的非防治区开展猕猴桃褐斑病周年发生情况调查，采用随机取样法调查猕猴桃褐斑病田间自然发病状况。田间药效试验中，比较绿色药剂-化学药剂组合或绿色药剂-绿色药剂组合对褐斑病的田间防治效果，田间药剂采用化学药剂戊唑醇与绿色药剂阿泰灵或氨基寡糖素的组合，以及绿色药剂多抗霉素B与阿泰灵或氨基寡糖素的组合，评价各组合对猕猴桃褐斑病的田间防治效果;防治适期试验中，分别于猕猴桃褐斑病的始发期、上升期和盛发期施药，评价不同时期施药及不同施药次数对褐斑病的防治效果，比较得出褐斑病的防治适期及合理施药次数。[结果]通过猕猴桃褐斑病周年发生情况调查，猕猴桃褐斑病可于6月中旬进入始发期，随后快速上升并于7月中旬达到盛发期，且不同地点的褐斑病发病时期存在差异。通过田间药效研究，结果表明绿色药剂阿泰灵或氨基寡糖素搭配化学药剂戊唑醇使用后的褐斑病rAUDPC值(relative area under the disease progress curve)分别为0。043和0。040，相对防效分别为74。76%和76。86%，二者相对防效显著高于戊唑醇单独施药或其他绿色药剂单独施药。通过防治适期研究，于病害始发期开始连续施药2次、3次或4次的病情指数分别为54。57、43。46、45。93，相对防效分别为40。40%、52。45%、49。83%，其防效显著高于病害上升期和盛发期施药。此外，于始发期连续施药3次和4次的相对防效显著高于连续施药2次。[结论]绿色药剂阿泰灵或氨基寡糖素搭配化学药剂戊唑醇，于病害始发期连续施药3次对猕猴桃褐斑病有良好田间防治效果。
Study on occurrence and fungicide control techniques of kiwifruit brown leaf spot disease in field
[Objective]Through field investigation,this study aims to understand the characteristics of annual occurrence of kiwifruit brown leaf spot in the fields.By screening combinations of different green fungicides or combinations of green fungicides and chemical fungicides for the control of kiwifruit brown leaf spot disease in the field,this study aims to screen out highly effective combinations of green fungicides against kiwifruit brown leaf spot;At the same time,the appropriate period for control of kiwifruit brown leaf spot disease was studied by applying fungicides at different disease stages.Finally,based on the above results,an efficient green fungicide application protocol for brown leaf spot disease was proposed.[Method]The annual occurrence of kiwifruit brown spot disease was investigated in the non-control area of the test site,and random sampling method was employed to monitor the natural incidence of kiwifruit brown leaf spot disease in the field.In field efficacy trials,the field control effects of combinations of green fungicides and chemical fungicides or combinations of different green fungicides on kiwifruit brown leaf spot disease were compared.Specifically,the combination of chemical fungicide tebuconazole and green fungicide Atailing or amino-oligosaccharides,as well as the combination of green fungicides Polyoxin B and Atailing or amino-oligosaccharides,were used to evaluate the field control effects on kiwifruit brown leaf spot disease.In the experiment on the appropriate period for control of kiwifruit brown leaf spot disease,fungicides were applied during the initial,ascending,and peak periods of kiwifruit brown leaf spot disease to evaluate the effectiveness on the control of disease.[Result]By monitoring the natural incidence of kiwifruit brown leaf spot disease in the field,this study found that the disease occurred at the middle of June,and quickly reached to peak period at the middle of July,different sites exhibited different disease epidemics.Through field efficacy experiment,the results showed that the rAUDPC values of the chemical fungicide tebuconazole combined with the green fungicide Atailing or amino-oligosaccharides were 0.043 and 0.040,respectively,and the relative control effects were 74.76%and 76.86%,respectively.The relative control effects of the two were significantly higher than that of tebuconazole alone or other green fungicides alone.Through experimental research on different periods to apply fungicide,the disease indices of continuous application of fungicides for 2,3,or 4 times starting from the initial period of the disease were 54.57,43.46,and 45.93,respectively.The relative control effects were 40.40%,52.45%,and 49.83%,respectively.The control effect was significantly higher than that of applying fungicides starting from ascending and peak stages.In addition,the control effect of continuous application of fungicides for 3 and 4 times starting from initiation period was significantly higher than that of continuous application of fungicides for only 2 times.[Conclusion]The combination of green fungicides Atailing or amino-oligosaccharides and chemical fungicide tebuconazole has a significant field control efficacy on kiwifruit brown leaf spot when applied three times starting from the disease initial period.
kiwifruitbrown leaf spotoccurrence characteristicsgreen prevention and controlappropriate control periodspray frequency
万方数据
维普
