A double-axis rotary tillage compound machine is designed to solve the problem of insufficient tillage depth in straw returning.Through the analysis on soil resistance during rotary blade movement and the trajectory of rotary tiller,double-axis Z-shaped ladder space structure and double-axis layered rotary tillage soil cutting technology are adopted to abtain the spatial layout of rotary cutter shaft and arrangement of rotary blades.Thus the double-axis rotary tillage compound machine with fertilization and sowing functions being designed.The field experiments verify that the machine meets the working requirements of average tillage depth greater than 22 cm with tillage depth stability as about 93%,and realizes one-time operation of deep tillage and fertilization and sowing significantly saving energy and cost of farming,which has certain reference significance for the design and research of double-axis rotary tiller in the future.