To obtain the best assembly sequence,accelerate the aircraft assembly efficiency and expand the diversity of assembly sequence,an aircraft structure assembly sequence optimization method based on improved genetic algorithm is designed,with which being the evaluation index for the optimization of aircraft structure assembly sequence,the corresponding constraints are designed.According to the evaluation indexes and corresponding constraints,the objective function of assembly sequence optimization is established.The objective function is solved by improved genetic algorithm.The experiments show that the designed method can effectively optimize the assembly sequence,accelerate the aircraft assembly efficiency,and abtain more numbers of feasible assembly sequences in the same group capacity with better diversity of assembly sequences and faster convergence speed.