The Three Dimensions of Marx's Freedom of Thought and Its Value Enlightenment to the New Form of Human Civilization
The generation of Marx's freedom of thought has experienced the transformation from rational freedom and self-consciousness to the higher form of free personality.On the basis of the western traditional philosophy of freedom,his freethinking critically absorbed the wisdom of the predecessors and led the freethinking go further.It is clear that Marx's freedom of thought has three main lines of thought from his early works to his mature works:First,Marx interprets the freedom of spiritual tranquility,which is false in religious theology.The macroscopic investigation of freedom of thought from the perspective of philosophy is Marx's transcendence of traditional humanism and naturalism,and finally realizes the transformation of rational freedom to the materialist vision of practical freedom;Second,Marx made a micro exploration of freethinking from the perspective of political economy,he criticized the"trinity"formula of vulgar economists,and believed that previous economists could not scientifically understand the internal mechanism of producing surplus value.Marx studied the problems of wage,capital and profit,and explained the antagonistic relationship in capitalist society.Third,Marx viewed the duality of self-negation and self-affirmation of capital in commodity economy from the perspective of scientific socialism.His scientific socialism followed the future conception and essential provisions of all people's freedom,and actively constructed the principle of distribution according to needs to consolidate the needs of free and comprehensive development of people.With these three lines of thought,Marx deeply analyzed the current situation of human enslavement in capitalist society,and thus called for and constructed the realization of free personality in the future.Marx's philosophical stand and value orientation of positive free thought help to break through the dilemma of the development of western industrial civilization and transcend capitalist industrial civilization,and bring beneficial enlightenment to the creation and development of new forms of human civilization in China.
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