Effect of apoptotic vesicles derived from dental pulp stem cells on proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells
Background Apoptotic vesicles(apovs)derived from mesenchymal stem cells play a role in promoting bone tissue regeneration,while studies have not yet been reported on the application of apoptotic vesicles derived from human dental pulp stem cells(hDPSC-apovs)in bone tissue regeneration.Objective To explore the effects of hDPSC-apovs on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(mBMSC).Methods Primary hDPSC was isolated and identified.The hDPSC was induced to apoptosis by staurosporine,then hDPSC-apovs were isolated by high-speed centrifugation.mBMSC were co-cultured with different concentrations of hDPSC-apovs(0,0.2,1,5,and 25 μg/mL),the effect of hDPSC-apovs on mBMSC proliferation was analyzed by CCK-8 assay.Besides,mBMSC were cultured in osteogenic medium containing different concentrations of hDPSC-apovs for 7 d,then the calcium nodule forming ability was analyzed by alizarin red staining and the mRNA expression levels of Alp,Runx2,Spp1,and Bglap were analyzed by qPCR.Results Compared with the control group,0.2 and l μg/mL hDPSC-apovs promoted the proliferation of mBMSC(P<0.05),while 5 and 25 μg/mL hDPSC-apovs inhibited the proliferation of mBMSC(P<0.05).The calcium nodule forming ability of mBMSC in the groups in which mBMSC was treated by different concentrations of hDPSC-apovs was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the expression levels of Alp,Runx2,Spp1,and Bglap were up-regulated in the 5 and 25 μg/mL hDPSC-apovs groups,Alp and Runx2 were significantly up-regulated in the 1 μg/mLhDPSC-apovs group,but only Alp was upregulated in the 0.2 μg/mL hDPSC-apovs group(P<0.05).Conclusion Within the concentration range of this study,hDPSC-apovs may promote the proliferation of mBMSC at low concentrations and have an inhibitory effect at high concentrations.hDPSC-apovs can promote the osteogenic differentiation of mBMSC,and the effects on the expression of osteogenesis-related genes may be concentration-dependent.
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