School Education and Innovative Talent Cultivation——From the Perspective of Mental Structures
As the mental structures of human beings,schemas serve as not only the basis for individuals to acquire new knowledge,adapt to the environment,and put themselves in the world based on past experience,but also the cause for individuals'rigid cognitive and behavioral style,outdated concepts,prejudices,and biases.Schemas are associated with individual personalities,but they mainly originate from the interactions between individuals and the environment.Therefore,in a specific cultural and institutional environment,people's schemas have a common feature,namely a collective mental structure,which has a solidified effect on individuals'mental structures by means of external forces.School education is not only a process of acquiring new knowledge with schemas but also a process of constructing mental structures.In an education culture and an institutional environment dominated by standardized examinations and talent selection systems,the utilitarian orientation of the collective mental structure usually reinforces the solidified and closed individual schemas,thus making individual schemas lose their necessary flexibility.This is extremely detrimental to the development of intelligence and wisdom required for innovative quality,thereby inhibiting the growth of innovative talents and top-notch innovative talents.To break through the dilemma of insufficient social innovations and top-notch innovative talents,we need to change from collective and undifferentiated education to personalized and differentiated education.Otherwise,in an era of digital intelligence,it will be difficult for us to meet the challenges caused by the complex and uncertain environment.
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