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大单元教学:学习科学视域下的教学变革

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大单元教学是落实素养目标的一种教学范式.将大单元教学理解为"大容量"教学的误区,造成了教学只有"量"的堆积而未能实现"质"的转变.学习科学开启的宽广视域有助于深入剖析学习机制,从而领会大单元教学的意蕴,更好地把握教学转型.在情境化的知识观下,知识结构化不是指知识的静态组合,而是形成以概念为主成分的动态网络,通过概念转变可以提升知识结构化水平.相应地,教学不能仅仅教授专家结论,而是要培养学生的专家思维,应遵循全息整体观,从"宽而浅"转向"少而深".大单元教学是"大视野"的教学,立足素养目标,以大概念为线索进行组织,因此呈现出多维关联的单元架构,并依据迭代的实施逻辑实现学生的学习进阶.随着教学改革的不断推进,应准确理解不同教学概念的内涵并加以融通,以确保素养目标的真正落实.
Big Unit Teaching:The Teaching Reform from the Perspective of Learning Sciences
Big unit teaching is a teaching paradigm for the implementation of competence goals.However,it is misunderstood as"large-capacity"teaching,which results in merely the accumulation of"quantity"instead of the transformation of"quality."The broad vision opened up by learning sciences helps to deeply analyze the learning mechanism so as to understand the connotations of big unit teaching and better grasp teaching transformation.In the contextualized view of knowledge,knowledge structuring indicates not the static combination of knowledge,but the development of a dynamic network with concepts serving as major components,and conceptual change helps to improve knowledge structuring.Accordingly,teaching cannot merely be limited to imparting experts'conclusions;it needs to cultivate students'expert thinking,and shift from"broad but shallow"teaching to"narrow but deep"teaching based on a holographic and holistic view.Being teaching with a"big vision,"big unit teaching is organized on the basis of competence goals and clues of big ideas,and it thus presents a multi-dimensional and interconnected unit structure,and achieves students'learning progressions according to the iterative logic.With the continuous advance in the teaching reform,we need to accurately understand and integrate the connotations of different teaching concepts to ensure the practical implementation of competence goals.

big unit teachinglearning sciencesknowledge structuringcompetence-orientedbig idea

刘徽

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浙江大学教育学院(杭州 310058)

大单元教学 学习科学 知识结构化 素养导向 大概念

教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目(2022)

22JZD047

2024

教育研究
中央教育科学研究所

教育研究

CSTPCDCSSCICHSSCD北大核心
影响因子:3.445
ISSN:1002-5731
年,卷(期):2024.45(5)
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