The Reform of the European Union's Vocational Education and Training in the Context of Demographic Change
As the pillar for the training of highly-competent technical and skilled talents,vocational education and training plays a key role in the development of the"second demographic dividend."In recent years,the demographic changes in the European Union(EU)are mainly reflected in the slowdown of population growth,population aging and regional population imbalance,which has a great effect on the EU's economic quality and structure,social welfare system,intergenerational relations,balanced regional development,educational resource allocation,educational mode innovation,and educational equity.In face of the challenges in demographic changes,the EU's vocational education and training reform follows the logic for external adaptation and internal development.Externally,the EU actively caters to the needs for economic and social development,takes such measures as skills forecasting,the dynamic adjustment of training catalogs,and more digital skill training so as to improve the relevance of vocational education to social development,trains specific groups and disadvantaged groups in employment,and prevents young people from dropping out of schools or colleges so as to enhance inclusive vocational education;internally,the EU attaches importance to promoting people's all-round development,improves personalized vocational education by taking such measures as more personalized vocational guidance,modular curriculums,and personalized teaching and learning reforms,and promotes lifelong vocational education by means of individuals'lifelong learning and training supporting programs and the reform of the qualification system.Drawing on the experience of the EU's vocational education and training reform,China's vocational education reform can focus on adapting to the external environment,stimulating the endogenous impetus,and enhancing the adaptability of vocational education,and build an inclusive,fair and high-quality vocational education system;and emphasize the principle of individuation and differentiation,and accelerate the building of a lifelong vocational education and training system.
demographic changethe European Unionvocational education and trainingadaptationhigh-quality development
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