With the continuous advancement of medical technology,particle radiotherapy has become a sig-nificant branch in the field of oncological treatment.This article reviews the latest progress in particle radio-therapy,including proton radiotherapy,carbon ion radiotherapy,neutron radiotherapy and other heavy ion therapies.It explores the historical development,technological advantages,clinical applications and challenges of these modalities,as well as their future development directions.Particle radiotherapy utilizes high-energy particle beams to precisely target tumor tissues,and with its unique physical and biological characteristics,it can enhance treatment efficacy while minimizing damage to surrounding healthy tissues.The article focuses on the technological development and clinical application,highlighting the Bragg peak characteristic of proton therapy,the high linear energy transfer advantage of carbon ion therapy,the emerging application of neutron radiotherapy especially boron neutron capture therapy,and the potential and challenges of other heavy ion therapies.Despite significant progress in particle radiotherapy technology,it still faces challenges such as high costs,technical complexity and uncertainties in dose calculation.Future research should concentrate on impro-ving treatment precision,reducing costs,optimizing treatment plans and exploring the combination of particle therapy with other treatment methods like immunotherapy and targeted therapy to achieve better therapeutic outcomes and to improve patient survival quality.As technology progresses and clinical trials deepen,particle radiotherapy is expected to play a more critical role in future cancer treatments.
particle radiotherapyproton therapycarbon ion radiotherapyneutron radiotherapytumor
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