首页|某儿童医院2019-2023年所上报药物不良反应的流行病学特点分析

某儿童医院2019-2023年所上报药物不良反应的流行病学特点分析

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  • NETL
  • NSTL
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目的:分析医院 2019-2023 年所上报药物不良反应(adverse drug reactions，ADRs)的流行病学特点，为临床的用药安全提供参考。方法:选取 2019 年 1 月—2023 年 12 月福建省福州儿童医院上报至国家药品不良反应监测系统的 775 份ADRs报告作为研究资料，采集ADRs的报告类型、患儿的年龄和性别，以及ADRs所涉药物的种类和给药途径等信息，分析所上报ADRs的临床特点。结果:2019-2023 年，医院上报的ADRs数量逐年增多，其报告类型主要为"一般的"(630 例，占 81。29%)，其次为"严重的"(88 例，占 9。23%);775 例ADRs报告中，男性患儿多于女性患儿(435 例vs 340 例)，年龄上以≤3 岁者为主(289 例，占 37。29%)，其次为＞3～6 岁(174 例，占22。45%)和＞6～9 岁(167 例，占 21。55%);775 例ADRs报告涉及的药物中，前 5 位的种类依次为抗菌药物(315 例，占 40。65%)、内分泌系统用药(75 例，占 9。68%)、神经系统用药(72 例，占 9。29%)、抗肿瘤药(71 例，占 9。16%)和呼吸系统用药(64 例，占 8。26%)，而前 3 位的品种依次为注射用头孢噻肟钠(63 例，占 8。13%)、奥卡西平片(43 例，占 5。55%)和注射用头孢唑肟钠(41 例，占 5。29%);所涉药物的给药途径主要为静脉给药(416 例，占 53。68%)，其次为口服(253 例，占 32。65%);775 例ADRs主要累及的是皮肤及其附件(357 例，占 46。06%)，其次为消化系统(179 例，占 23。10%)。结论:医院低龄患儿为发生ADRs的主要群体，而所涉药物主要为抗菌药物和静脉给药药物，对此临床应加强对重点群体和重点药物的监护，以保证患儿的用药安全。
Analysis of Epidemiological Characteristics of Adverse Drug Reactions Reported by a Children's Hospital from 2019 to 2023
Objective:To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of adverse drug reactions(ADRs)reported by the hospital from 2019 to 2023,and provide a reference for clinically safe use of drugs.Methods:A total of 775 cases of ADRs reported to the National Adverse Drug Reaction Monitoring System by Fuzhou Children's Hospital of Fujian Province from January 2019 to December 2023 were used as the research data.The information such as the types of ADRs reported,the age and sex of children,and the types of drugs involved in ADRs and the route of administration was collected to analyze the clinical characteristics of the reported ADRs.Results:The ADRs reported by the hospital increased year by year from 2019 to 2023.The reported types of ADRs were mainly"general"(630 cases,81.29%),followed by"severe"(88 cases,9.23%).Among the 775 cases of ADRs reported,the number of male children was more than that of female children(435 cases vs 340 cases);the age of children was mainly less than and equal to 3 years(289 cases,37.29%),followed by more than 3 years and less than 6 years(174 cases,22.45%),more than 6 years and less than 9 years(167 cases,21.55%).In terms of drugs involved in the 775 cases of ADRs,the top 5 types were antibacterial drugs(315 cases,40.65%),endocrine system drugs(75 cases,9.68%),nervous system drugs(72 cases,9.29%),anti-neoplastic drugs(71 cases,9.16%)and respiratory system drugs(64 cases,8.26%),and the top three drugs were cefotaxime sodium for injection(63 cases,8.13%),oxcarbazepine tablets(43 cases,5.55%)and ceftizoxime sodium for injection(41 cases,5.29%).The main routes of administration were intravenous administration(416 cases,53.68%),followed by oral administration(253 cases,32.65%).The main organs and systems involved in the 775 cases of ADRs were skin and appendages of skin(357 cases,46.06%),followed by digestive system(179 cases,23.10%).Conclusion:Young children are the main group with ADRs,and the involved drugs are mainly antibacterial drugs and intravenous drugs.Therefore,it is necessary to strengthen the monitoring of key groups and key drugs clinically to ensure the safe medications of children.

antibacterial drugs,adverse drug reactionsclinical characteristicsmedication safety

王炜榕、陈榕

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福建省福州儿童医院药剂科,福州 350001

抗菌药物 药物不良反应 临床特点 用药安全

福州市"十四五"临床专科培强培优培育建设项目

20220101

2024

10.13493/j.issn.1672-7878.2024.05-005

抗感染药学
江苏省苏州市第五人民医院

抗感染药学

影响因子：0.505
ISSN：1672-7878
年,卷(期)：2024.21(5)