Polychrome pottery in the Altai region has been exclusively associated with the Pazyryk culture,prompting scholarly inquiries into its origin.This article proposes that the polychrome pottery of the Pazyryk culture was influenced by similar-styled ceramics from the Yanbulake culture in eastern Xinjiang.In order to test this hypothesis,this article conducts a cross-regional comparison of the types and decorations of polychrome pottery,and then examines the temporal duration and geographical extent of the two archeological cultures.Building on empirical evidence supporting the hypothesis,this article also discusses the ways in which Yanbulak polychrome pottery may have influenced the Pazyryk culture polychrome pottery.