摘要
2022～2023年,陕西省考古研究院对石峁遗址皇城台墓地进行了发掘,该墓地是石峁统治者于宫城腹地专设的一处高等级贵族墓地,为迄今所见石峁文化最高等级墓地,主体年代为石峁文化中期.文章以皇城台墓地资料为基础,并结合其他石峁文化墓葬资料分析研究认为:以棺入殓、棺外殉葬、壁龛内随葬陶礼器是石峁文化高等级墓葬的主要特征,其葬仪高度相似意味着制度化的葬制已经存在,且最迟形成于石峁文化中期,并在之后一定时间内维持着较为稳定的葬仪传统.
Abstract
From 2022 to 2023,the Shaanxi Academy carried out an excavation at the Huangchengtai cemetery within the Shimao site.As the highest-ranked cemetery discovered so far,Huangchengtai is located at the center of the palatial zone,serving as the burial ground for Shimao's rulers.This cemetery dates back to the middle phase of the Shimao culture.Drawing on newly excavated materials,along with other cemeteries related to the Shimao culture,this article identifies three main characteristics of high-ranking tombs at Shimao:the use of coffins as burial furniture,the placement of sacrificial victims outside the coffin,and the inclusion of ceramic ritual vessels in niches.The strong similarities in burial practices across these tombs suggest that the institutionalization of burial rituals had already occurred,likely by the middle phase of the Shimao culture.Additionally,this study proposes that the funeral rituals were sustained over a relatively long period.
关键词
石峁遗址/皇城台墓地/高等级墓葬/葬仪Key words
Shimao site/Huangchengtai cemetery/High-ranking tombs/Funeral rituals引用本文复制引用
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
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