摘要
梳理了定制公交的研究进展,分析表明:公平性对定制公交服务系统的可持续发展起着至关重要的作用,现有线路规划研究已开始关注弱势群体出行公平性和时空均衡性问题.未来研究应着重解决公平性评价指标体系的建立、系统考虑公平性约束下的路径规划和调度运营等.定制公交系统设计应当兼顾新乘客票价优惠和忠诚乘客福利,在需求演化各阶段持续优化,提高定制公交系统的综合服务水平以及可持续发展能力.
Abstract
Customized buses can achieve an accurate match between travel demands and responsive travel service supply to meet the emerging travel requirements of flexibility and carbon reduction.However,sustainable development of customized bus systems and routes still faces many problems.By analyzing the relevant literature in the past decade,this paper compares the hot spots and trends of customized buses,summarizes the common problems of existing research,and forecasts the important future research directions.Equity plays a crucial role in the sustainable development of customized bus service systems,and existing route planning studies have begun to focus on the equity for disadvantaged groups and spatial equilibrium.Future research should focus on addressing the establishment of a fairness evaluation index system,systematic consideration of route planning and scheduling operations under fairness constraints,etc.Customized bus system planning must take into account the design of new passenger fare discounts and loyalist benefits,and sustain efforts at all stages of demand evolution to improve the sustainability and survival rate of customized bus routes and systems.
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