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西方发达国家碳壁垒政策对中国的影响及应对策略

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近年来,西方发达国家碳壁垒政策制定议程显著提速,旨在争夺全球应对气候变化的主导权及国际贸易规则制定权,以此影响全球产业格局及分工.在梳理欧盟碳边境调节机制(CBAM)、循环经济行动计划(CEAP)、欧盟新电池法规、美国清洁竞争法案(CCA)等国际碳壁垒主要法案的基础上,分析了碳壁垒政策对中国的影响,包括出口贸易体系发展受阻、企业出口成本增加、增加产业情报暴露风险等,剖析了应对机制缺失、制度政策和技术标准体系不够健全、企业认知不足及技术支撑未形成合力等问题,提出了强化政策顶层设计、加强国际气候磋商交流、健全碳核算认证标准体系、完善碳市场机制建设、构建绿色低碳产业体系、技术服务支撑保障等对策建议.
Impact of carbon barrier policies from western developed countries on China and the response strategies
The developed countries'agenda of carbon barrier policies has significantly accelerated in recent years,with essence to gain the dominance of addressing global climate change and the right to formulate international trade rules,so as to affect the global industrial structure and division of labor.The latest progresses of the EU Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism(CBAM),the Circular Economy Action Plan(CEAP),EU Battery Law and US Clean Competition Act(CCA)are reviewed in this paper.International carbon barriers will bring Chian a series of negative impacts including hindering the development of the export trade system,increasing the export costs,and increasing the risk of industrial intelligence exposure.The main problems include lack of coping mechanism,insufficient institutional policy and technical standards,weak awareness of barriers,and poor synergy from various supports.In view of these,we put forward countermeasures and governance suggestions:building comprehensive policies scheme for tackling carbon barriers,promoting multilateral climate consultation mechanisms,improving the carbon accounting certification standard system,improving Chinese carbon emission trading market mechanism,reshaping the green and low-carbon industrial supply chain,and strengthening financial and technical service supports.

carbon barriersinternational tradecarbon accountingcarbon footprintcarbon market

任艳红、倪微琪、顾思婷、李晓亮、董战峰

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浙江省生态环境低碳发展中心,杭州 310012

生态环境部环境规划院,北京 100012

碳壁垒 国际贸易 碳核算认证 碳足迹 碳市场

浙江省"尖兵"研发攻关计划国家社会科学基金一般项目

2022C0302820BJY087

2024

科技导报
中国科学技术协会

科技导报

CSTPCD北大核心
影响因子:0.559
ISSN:1000-7857
年,卷(期):2024.42(7)
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