Capacity of wind power generation and impacts of electricity transmission and energy storage on achieving"dual carbon"goal in China
This study employs high-resolution comprehensive digital geographic information to analyze the spatiotemporal differences of wind power resources and predict the impacts of electricity transmission and energy storage on the capacity of carbon emissions abatement by deploying wind power in China.The findings of this study include:1)High capacities of wind power are identified over North China and Southwest China.The efficiency of wind power generation can be largely enhanced by improving the spatial layout of power installation and securing the development of electricity transmission and energy storage facilities.2)The potential of wind power generation in China is predicted based on spatial and temporal distributions of wind power resources and hourly wind power generation loads at a spatial resolution of 1/120° × 1/30°.with consideration of infrastructure construction such as electricity transportation and energy storage.The national wind power generation potential varies significantly between scenarios with different assumptions on land use.The projected capacity of wind power generation may reach 50 PW·h per year by assuming that all land pixels can be used for power generation,whereas it will decrease to 4 PW·h per year if filtering pixels suitable for wind power generation and optimizing the size of power plants under cost minimization.Provinces in the west of China are predicted to the hotspot areas of wind power generation while the potential of wind power generation is relatively lower.The efficiency of power generation will be largely reduced in the absence of electricity transportation and energy storage.Future studies should focus on improving planning and layout of wind power plants by coordinating the supporting facilities of electricity transportation and energy storage,which can increase the economic benefits when achieving the emission abatement targets.3)Deploying wind power will significantly reduce carbon emissions in China.When the facilities of electricity transmission and energy storage are fully coordinated,the capacity of carbon emissions abatement by deploying wind power will be increased by 26％,accompanied with an 84％reduction in the average abatement costs.This paper provides a scientific foundation for deploying wind power at large scales in China.By 2060,a large amount of infrastructure for electricity transmission and energy storage will be needed to achieve energy balance under carbon neutrality in China,and then North China and Northwest China will be the primary areas of wind power generation.
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