A Comparative Study of Artificial Intelligence Policies of China and the United States Based on the PMC Index Model
Research on artificial intelligence(AI)policy texts,especially from the perspective of AI special policies,can provide decision support for further improving China's AI policy system.To this end,a total of 74 AI policy texts(51 in China and 23 in the United States)at the level of top-level design and functional departments in China and the United States are taken as research objects,and the focus of AI policies in the two countries is identified through the text mining method,and the evaluation index system of AI policies is established with the consistency in policy modeling(PMC)index model.Combined with PMC index value and PMC surface map,this paper makes quantitative evaluation and comparative analysis of 6 representative policy texts of the two countries.It is found that in general,the AI policies of China and the United States perform well,can grasp the current development prospects of AI more accurately,which have a certain value orientation and foresight,and the policy design is reasonable and the policy coordination is high,in the process of policy formulation,the research on intelligence,scientific and technological innovation,and application of achievements is paid more attention to,while the policy field and effectiveness level are paid less attention.At the same time,it is found that the two countries have significant differences in policy objects,policy contents,and safeguard measures.The United States'policies are rooted in technology research and development,talent team construction,standard system construction,and basic research investment,etc.,and the policy contents and safeguard measures are more complete than China's,but the coverage of policy objects is not broad enough.China's policy targets take into account both macro and micro perspectives,involving the state,industry and enterprise levels,but there are shortcomings in ethics,cooperative development,core technology advantages,and other aspects.Based on this,the paper further proposes countermeasures to improve China's artificial intelligence policy from three aspects:safeguard measures,policy content and policy fields,and emphasizes that the overall optimization path of China's AI policy should be safeguard measures → policy content → policy fields.
artificial intelligence policypolicy text analysistext miningquantitative evaluationpolicy modeling consistency(PMC)index modelcomparison between China and the United States
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NSTL
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