A Review of the Research on the Allocation Efficiency of Scientific and Technological Resources and the Prospect of Research in the Digital Age
In recent years,China has been the world's second largest R&D investor,but the efficiency of science and technology resource allocation in China needs to be further improved.In order to measure the allocation efficiency of science and technology resources more scientifically,optimize the allocation path,improve the allocation mechanism,and help scientific and technological innovation,this paper systematically combs the existing literature on the allocation efficiency of traditional science and technology resources from the aspects of concept connotation and the object,method,index system,and other dimensions of the measurement,makes clear the research and development trends in the field,further analyzes the common problems of related index system are and puts forward suggestions and prospects based on the advantages of digital technology.The analysis results from 58 related documents collected since 2000 based on CNKI and Elsevier/Springer show that:among the measurement objects,the most abundant researches are on the mesolevel such as regions,and the panel data are the main ones.However,the regions with low allocation efficiency of science and technology resources have not received in-depth and targeted researches.The measurement methods generally adopt classical multivariate statistical analysis methods and quantitative analysis methods,etc.In recent 10 years,the most used method is data enveloping analysis,and there are also many other combinations of methods/models.However,there are few researches based on full samples using big data technology.The measurement index system usually includes the input and output index system of scientific and technological resources,with one or two levels of indicators or even more,but the index construction still needs to be improved in terms of systematicness,scientificity,and independence,such as the first-level financial resource investment does not include the external expenditure of R&D funds,the second-level indicators under the index of scientific and technological information resources have been included in the first-level indicators of scientific and technological financial resources,and the output of knowledge form contains a number of second-level indicators with strong correlation,etc.In view of the above problems,a new index system for measuring the efficiency of overall regional science and technology resource allocation is improved and constructed according to China Science and Technology Statistical Yearbook.In this system,scientific and technology human resources and financial resources are taken as decisive input factors,the full-time equivalent of R&D personnel and the total internal and external expenditure of R&D funds are selected to be included in the corresponding secondary indicators respectively.Finally,based on the background of the digital age,the paper looks forward to the extension of the field,improvement of methods,perfection of indicators and policy support of the research on the efficiency of science and technology resource allocation.It is emphasized that single data elements serve as the measurement index of the optimal allocation of scientific and technological resources,and make the allocation of scientific and technological resources more intelligent,efficient and open.
efficiency of science and technology resourcesefficiency measurement methodregional science and technology resourcesDEA methodinput-output indexindex improvementresource allocationdigital technology
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