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中国新质生产力的发展水平和演进趋势

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新质生产力的测算是研究新质生产力发展水平的基础,但当前关于新质生产力的评价指标体系和测度方法尚处于探索阶段.鉴于新质生产力是质和量的统一、能力和效率的统一、现实性和可比性的统一,依据生产力理论,结合高质量发展的现实要求,以及新质生产力在科技创新、要素提升、生产组织等方面的特征,系统分析新质生产力的本质要求、构成要素、实现途径、培育载体和支撑环境,在此基础上构建包括技术、要素、数字、产业和环境五维度的指标体系,对中国 30 个省份 2022-2022 年的新质生产力发展水平进行测度,并分析其发展格局和演进趋势.结果表明:30 个省份新质生产力发展水平增长较快,但区域差异、经济带差异、城市差异明显;要素生产力保持较高水平,数字生产力和创新生产力加快发展,绿色生产力和产业生产力成为发展的短板.其中,从区域格局来看,东部高于 30 个省份的平均水平,中西部和东北地区低于 30 个省份的平均水平;从经济格局来看,长江经济带最高,其次是泛珠三角,而丝绸之路经济带低于 30 个省份的平均水平;从城市格局来看,三大城市群从高到低依次为珠三角、长三角、京津冀,并且均高于 30 个省份的平均水平.
The Development Level and Evolutionary Trends of China's New Quality Productive Forces
The measurement of new quality productivity forces is the basis of studying the development level of new quality productivity forces,but its evaluation index system and measurement method are still in the exploration stage.New quality productivity forces is the unity of quality and quantity,ability and efficiency,reality and comparability.Based on the productivity theory,combined with the realistic requirements of high-quality development,and the characteristics of new quality productivity forces in scientific and technological innovation,factor improvement,production organization,this paper systematically analyzes the essential requirements,constituent elements,realization ways,cultivation carriers,and supporting environment of new quality productivity forces.On the basis of theoretical analysis,it constructs a five dimensional indicator system including five dimensions of technology,elements,digital,industry and environment,to measure the level of new quality productivity forces in 30 provinces,municipalities,and autonomous regions of China from 2022 to 2022,and analyzes their development pattern and evolution trend.The results indicate that the level of new quality productivity forces in China has grown rapidly,while regional differences,economic belt differences,urban differences are significant,in which the factor productivity has remained at a relatively high level,the development of digital productivity and innovative productivity has accelerated,while green productivity and industrial productivity have become weak areas for development.Concretely,from the perspective of regional pattern,the level of new quality productivity forces in the eastern region is higher than the national average,while the level of new quality productivity forces in the central,western,and northeastern regions is lower than the national average;from the perspective of economic structure,the level of new quality productivity forces in the Yangtze River Economic Belt is the highest,followed by the Pan Pearl River Delta,and the level in the Silk Road Economic Belt is lower than the national average;from the perspective of urban layout,the development level of new productive forces in the three major urban agglomerations is ranked from high to low in the Pearl River Delta,Yangtze River Delta,and the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region,and all the three urban agglomerations are higher than the national average level.

new quality productivity forcesdevelopment level of productive forcesindex systemdevelopment differenceproductivity measurement

高怡冰、任沛阳、陈钰鑫

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广东省社会科学院,广东广州 510635

新质生产力 生产力发展水平 指标体系 发展差异 生产力测度

2024

科技管理研究
广东省科学学与科技管理研究会

科技管理研究

CSTPCDCHSSCD
影响因子:0.779
ISSN:1000-7695
年,卷(期):2024.44(14)