The Historical Changes of China's Study-Abroad Policy Since the Reform and Opening Up
Over the past 40 years of reform and opening up,the Chinese government has gradually established a comprehensive framework of study-abroad policies that balances"going out"and"bringing in",aligning with the demands of the times and the development needs of scientific and technological talent.These policies have played a leading and guiding role in decisions regarding the overseas study and returningfrom abroad of scientific and technological talents.Meanwhile,changes in the international environment and the practical experiences of such talent have significantly influenced the adjustment and refinement of China's study-abroad policies.Based on the analysis of over 400 policies issued between 1978 to 2023,this paper selects milestone events as entry points and applies content analysis to divide the evolution of China's study-abroad policies into four stages:restoration of order(1978-1984),adjustment and development(1985-1991),institutional standardization(1992-2012),and optimization and maturity(2013-present).Each stage is summarized in terms of the policy background,strategic adjustments,typical characteristics,and implementation outcomes.Finally,reflecting on history and focusing on the demands of scientific and technological innovation in the new era,the paper emphasizes the need for flexibility in tailoring return policies for overseas students to the domestic and international circumstances of each period.It also advocates further optimizing financial support,management,and services for study-abroad programs,enhancing support policies for the employment and entrepreneurship of returning talent,and building an open and inclusive modern talent recruitment mechanism.
scientific and technological talentstudy-abroad studentsstudy-abroad policypolicy researchhistorical change
NETL
NSTL
万方数据
