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德国"电池护照"的研发路径、举措及对中国的启示

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作为推动低碳经济发展的重要载体之一,动力电池的生产正在不断实现绿色化,这使得当前电池市场的竞争从单纯的产品制造拓展到碳竞争力的比拼.作为记录电池碳足迹等全生命周期数据的"电池护照"将成为电池行业未来的发展趋势,其为电池价值链带来透明度,是建立可持续电池价值链的关键一步.欧盟已出台全球首个规范电池全生命周期阶段的法律文件《欧盟电池与废电池法规》,明确电池标签和信息公开以及对电池数字"护照"及二维码的要求;而德国联邦经济事务和气候保护部也启动为期 3 年的"电池护照"联合组织项目,并发布首个关于欧盟"电池护照"的公开内容指南,对电池相关概念的界定、"电池护照"理念的诠释、相关法规参考资料的说明以及对"电池护照"内容和要求进行详尽阐释.为确保中国电池和新能源汽车领域的全球竞争力,中国需要尽早启动中国电池碳足迹标准和方法论研究,设计推出中国的"电池护照"并将其作为中国电池行业全生命周期管理的数字化工具,从法规层面健全和完善"电池护照"的制定和管理,统筹各方力量联合开展攻关,并通过加强国际合作以提升中国在全球的行业话语权.
The Development Path and Measures of Germany's"Battery Passport"and Its Enlightenment to China
As one of the important carriers to promote the development of a low-carbon economy,the production of power batteries is constantly becoming greener,which has expanded the current competition in the battery market from simple product manufacturing to carbon competitiveness."Battery passports",which record the battery's carbon footprint and other life cycle data,will become the future development trend of the battery industry.The European Union has introduced the world's first legal framework governing the entire life-cycle of batteries,the regulation(issued by EU)concerning batteries and waste batteries,which clarifies battery labeling and information disclosure,and specifies the requirements for the digital"battery passport"and QR codes.Meanwhile,Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Climate Action of Germany has launched a three-year joint project on"battery passports"and published the first public content guideline on the EU Battery Passport.This guideline defines key concepts related to batteries,explains the principles of"battery passports"and references to relevant regulations,and elaborates on the contents and requirements for"battery passports".To ensure the global competitiveness of China's battery and new energy vehicle sectors,China needs to initiate research on battery carbon footprint standards and methodologies at an early stage.It should design and introduce its own"Chinese battery passport"and regard it as a digital tool for life-cycle management in the Chinese battery industry.Furthermore,China must strengthen the legislative framework for the development and management of"battery passports",coordinate efforts across different sectors to address challenges,and enhance international cooperation to increase the country's global influence in the industry.

"battery passport"new energybattery value chainindustry initiativescarbon competitivenesslow carbon economyGerman experience

梁珊珊

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北京理工大学外国语学院,北京 102401

"电池护照" 新能源 电池价值链 行业倡议 碳竞争力 低碳经济 德国经验

2024

科技管理研究
广东省科学学与科技管理研究会

科技管理研究

CSTPCDCHSSCD
影响因子:0.779
ISSN:1000-7695
年,卷(期):2024.44(22)