摘要
创新型经济以保护知识产权为着力点,以创业企业作为推动经济创新的重要载体.突破创新者困境的关键在于双元创新,因此探究知识产权保护的正负效应对双元创新的差异化影响,以及不同类型创业导向的中介机制具有实践价值.结果发现:①知识产权保护对创业企业探索式创新具有正效应,而对利用式创新具有负效应;②基于战略认知观发现,知识产权保护能够强化自主研发型导向,而抑制技术引进型导向;③知识产权保护通过激发自主研发型导向对探索式创新产生正效应,通过抑制技术引进型导向对利用式创新产生负效应.由此,构建差异化创新路径,以期为创业企业持续创新发展提供有益的洞见.
Abstract
China is endeavoring to promote the strategy of innovation-driven development,and the innovation-oriented econ-omy focuses on the protection of intellectual property rights.For the new ventures,new forces emerging from the innova-tion economy have become the market subject of knowledge assets to create value,so the key for them to break through the innovator's dilemma is to achieve the dynamic balance of ambidexterity innovation,i.e.to seek the dynamic balance be-tween exploratory innovation and exploitative innovation.Therefore,starting from the realistic point of view,innovation strategies of new ventures should not only give full play to the leading role of intellectual property rights,but also over-come short-term technological difficulties.However,it should be emphasized that from the perspective of binary philoso-phy,intellectual property protection provides opportunities for enterprise innovation,but it also sets boundaries,and thus there is practical significance to explore the differential influence of positive and negative effects of intellectual property protection on ambidexterity innovation.Moreover,entrepreneurial orientation,as a kind of entrepreneurial cognitive and also a strategic orientation based on specific organizational status,reflects the subjective perception and behavioral tenden-cy of the institution,and hence it plays a key role in the effectiveness of entrepreneurial innovation strategies.Therefore this study takes entrepreneurial new enterprises as the research object,and through the analysis of the key elements,it in-novatively takes the positive and negative effects of intellectual property protection as the starting point to clarify the theo-retical logic of direct impact of intellectual property protection on ambidexterity innovation of entrepreneurial enterprises at first.Besides,since the effect of intellectual property protection also depends on the difference of key elements in the transmission process,this study makes a deep analysis of the dualism of entrepreneurial orientation based on innovation models,reveals the mediating effect mechanism of different types of entrepreneurial orientation,and further constructs differentiated innovation strategies.In order to clarify the theoretical inferences,465 Chinese GEM listed companies from 2015 to 2019 are selected as samples,and the following conclusions are made through empirical tests:(1)intellectual property protection has different effects on ambidexterity innovation of entrepreneurial enterprises,showing an positive effect on exploratory innovation,but negative effect on exploitative innovation;(2)entrepreneurial orientation can be divided into research and development(R&D)orientation and the investment and introduction(I&I)orientation based on the innovation models,and intellectual property protection,regarding as a prerequisite factor affecting entrepreneurial orientation,promotes the R&D orientation but inhibits the I&I orientation;(3)entrepreneurial orientation has differential mediation effects,to be specific,intellec-tual property protection has positive effect on exploratory innovation by stimulating the R&D orientation,and shows nega-tive effect on exploitative innovation by inhibiting I&I orientation.On this basis,two innovation paths are constructed to provide a dialectical perspective for the innovation and development of entrepreneurial enterprises,namely"the positive effect of intellectual property protection—R&D orientation—exploratory innovation"and"the negative effect of intellec-tual property protection—I&I orientation—exploitative innovation"separately.In terms of implications,the research findings suggest that firstly,the small-sized entrepreneurial enterprises should balance exploratory innovation and exploitative innovation according to their own situations,so as to effectively improve their innovation efficiency and effect.Secondly,enterprise managers should carefully consider"how the intellectual prop-erty rights in any way affect innovation strategies",and take it as the target to enhance the entrepreneurial orientation to match perception.Thirdly,the protection of intellectual property rights is characterized by long-term nature and fairness,so the government should actively improve the innovation incentive policy and optimize the innovation ecological environ-ment,and the entrepreneurial enterprises should strengthen the consciousness of innovation,shape the atmosphere of in-novation,and build an innovative long-term mechanism with the goal of sustainable innovation and development,and high-quality innovation and development as the guidance to seize the market discourse.Overall,this study provides theoretical reference for the completeness of organizational strategic management theory,and it is also helpful for new ventures to choose appropriate innovation development strategies in the actual situation,thus boosting the high-quality development of Chinese economy.
基金项目
国家自然科学基金面上项目(72072144)
国家自然科学基金面上项目(72162001)
教育部人文社会科学基金青年项目(21YJC630137)
陕西省自然科学基金项目(2023-JC-QN-0812)
陕西省创新能力支撑计划项目(2023-CX-RKX-141)
NETL
NSTL
维普
万方数据