Preparation of Mesoporous NiO/C Composite with Lignin as Carbon Source For High Performance Supercapacitors
Highly dispersed NiO nanoparticles embedded in amorphous carbon or polymer frameworks were synthesized via the sol-gel process using an amphiphilic triblock copolymer F127 as a template, Ni (NO3)2 · 6H2O as nickel source, polymerized glutaraldehyde and lignin as carbon source, KOH as pore-enlarging agent. The microstructure and morphology of the NiO/C composite are characterized by means of XRD, TEM and BET. The results show that the NiO nanoparticles are pure and surrounded by amorphous carbon, furthermore, the NiO/C composite with BET surface of 802 m2/g and narrow pore size distributions. Electrochemical studies were carried out by measurement of cyclic voltammetry (CV) and charge-discharge tests. The results demonstrate that the NiO/C composite have the high specific capacitance and display a good retention for more than 1000 cycles in a cycling test. 90%of capacitance is retained when the current density changes from 1 A/g to 10 A/g at charge-discharge tests. Thus, the NiO/C composite are a promising supercapacitor electrode material.
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