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数字时代与主体困境:在马克思科技观视域下的一种思考

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[研究目的]马克思科技观是马克思对科学技术及其发展规律的概括和总结,其强调技术对人类社会进步和人的自由全面发展有重要的推动作用,指出人是科技发展的核心和最终目的.而当下人类已处于数字技术最繁荣的时代,数字技术作为一种新形态改变了人们的生活和生产,推动着整个社会形态繁荣发展.然而,在数字时代背景下人的主体性也面临着前所未有的危机,伴随着数字经济的兴起、数字劳动形成和数字资本的渗透,人类实质上成为数字的"附庸",并产生了主体价值危机、机器替代危机以及社会排斥危机等问题.[研究方法]通过研究马克思关于科技发展的重要论述,分析当前数字技术快速发展下人所面临的主体性危机及其衍生问题,在马克思科技观的视域下分别对价值型、替代型、排斥型主体性危机及其衍生问题进行对策探讨.[研究结论]需要通过大力弘扬马克思科技观中的人本理念、推动马克思科技观和劳动价值论相互交融、重视科技人才和劳动者的素养提升等方面入手解决数字时代人的主体性危机问题,这彰显了马克思科技观在当代社会发展中的重要理论意义和实践价值.
The Digital Age and the Dilemma of Subjects:A Reflection on the Perspective of Marx's View of Science and Technology
[Research purpose]Marx's concept of science and technology is Marx's generalization and summary of science and technology and its development law,which stresses that technology plays an important role in promoting the progress of human society and the free and comprehensive development of human beings,and points out that human beings are the core and ultimate purpose of scientific and technological development.At present,mankind is in the most prosperous era of digital technology.Digital technology,as a new form,has changed people's life and production,promoting the prosperity of the whole social form.However,the subjectivity of human beings in the context of the digital era is also facing an unprecedented crisis.Along with the rise of the digital economy,the formation of digital labor and the penetration of digital capital,human beings have essentially become the"subordinate"of the digital,and have generated problems such as the crisis of subjective value,the crisis of machine substitution and the crisis of social exclusion.[Research method]Through studying Marx's important exposition on the development of science and technology,analyzing the crisis of human subjectivity and its derivatives under the rapid development of digital technology,we discuss the countermeasures for the value-based,alternative,and exclusion-based crisis of human subjectivity and its derivatives under the perspective of Marx's view of science and technology.[Research conclusion]Finally,we conclude that it is necessary to solve the problem of the crisis of human subjectivity in the digital era by vigorously carrying forward the humanistic concept in Marx's view of science and technology,promoting the mutual integration of Marx's view of science and technology with the theory of value of labor,and emphasizing the improvement of the quality of scientific and technological talents and workers.This highlights the important theoretical significance and practical value of Marx's view of science and technology in the development of contemporary society.

Marx's view of science and technologydigital agesubjectivity crisisdigital labordigital technology

蔡日华、梁炯彤、谭毅

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福建师范大学马克思主义学院,福建,福州,350108

湖南科技大学马克思主义学院,湖南,湘潭,411201

广东第二师范学院政法系,广东,广州,510000

马克思科技观 数字时代 主体性危机 数字劳动 数字技术

国家社会科学基金

22BKS010

2024

科技智囊
北京市科学技术研究院

科技智囊

ISSN:1006-3676
年,卷(期):2024.(4)
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