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安全视域下欧盟人工智能战略的发展趋势及其启示

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[研究目的]在安全视域下分析欧盟人工智能战略的发展趋势,可以为推动完善我国人工智能政策制度提供启示借鉴.[研究方法]通过检索和对比,分析欧盟人工智能相关政策法律文件,深入梳理剖析欧盟人工智能战略的发展历程、核心内容及安全考量.[研究结论]安全视域下,欧盟的人工智能战略演进大致历经了三个特色鲜明的时段,总体呈现为一个由"冷"至"热"的过程,主要特点表现为形式上从战略性文件向法律性文件转变、内容上从宏观部署向体系治理转变、实践上通过试点验证并完善监管框架,反映出欧盟以自身利益为中心的安全考量及动因.我国应坚持发展、创新与安全并重,通过把握技术和伦理两大主要风险来源保障人工智能全方位安全,耦合政策和法律体系实现人工智能高质量发展,还应探索"AI+"模式助力人工智能加速形成新质生产力,围绕人工智能开放与竞争营造国际合作新交点,站在战略高度不断推动人工智能安全发展.
The Development Trend of European Union Artificial Intelligence Strategy from a Security Perspective and Its Enlightenment
[Research purpose]Analyzing the development trend of the EU's artificial intelligence strategy from the perspective of security can provide inspiration and reference for promoting the improvement of China's artificial intelligence policy system.[Research method]Through retrieval and comparison,this paper analyzes the relevant policy and legal documents of EU artificial intelligence,and deeply analyzes the development process,core content and safety considerations of EU artificial intelligence strategy.[Research conclusion]From the perspective of security,the evolution of the EU's artificial intelligence strategy has gone through three distinctive periods,which is generally presented as a process from"cold"to"hot".The main characteristics are the transformation from strategic documents to legal documents in form,from macro-deployment to system governance in content,and through pilot verification and improvement of the regulatory framework in practice,reflecting the EU's security considerations and motivations centered on its own interests.China should attach equal importance to development,innovation and security,ensuring the all-round security of artificial intelligence by grasping the two main risk sources of technology and ethics,realizing the high-quality development of artificial intelligence by coupling policy and legal system,and exploring the"AI+"model to help artificial intelligence accelerate the formation of new quality productive forces,creating a new intersection of international cooperation around the opening and competition of artificial intelligence,and continuously promoting the safe development of artificial intelligence from a strategic perspective.

European Union(EU)artificial intelligence strategyArtificial Intelligence Actsafety developmentgovernance

谢波、王志祺

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西南政法大学国家安全学院,重庆,401120

西南政法大学总体国家安全观研究院,重庆,401120

欧盟 人工智能战略 人工智能法案 安全发展 治理

2024

科技智囊
北京市科学技术研究院

科技智囊

ISSN:1006-3676
年,卷(期):2024.(12)