Analysis of Flutter and Buckling of Graphene-Reinforced Porous Functionally Graded Truncated Conical Shells
To study the flutter and buckling characteristics of graphene-reinforced porous functionally graded truncated conical shells under high-speed airflow and thermal load,the effective material parameters of the shell are calculated using an improved Halpin-Tsai micromechanics model.The dynamic balance equations of the truncated conical shell are established based on the first-order shear deformation theory and the first-order pis-ton theory,and a semi-analytical solution for the critical flutter velocity and the critical buckling temperature is obtained using the differential quadrature method(DQM).The effects of boundary conditions,graphene reinforce-ment,internal porosity,and temperature on the flutter and buckling critical temperatures are discussed through numerical examples.The results show that the critical flutter velocity decreases by about 28%when the shell tem-perature increases from 300 K to 400 K,and the aerodynamic pressure increases the buckling temperature of the structure.The critical flutter velocity of a shell with simply supported ends is about 25%to 34%higher than that of a shell with fixed ends,while its critical buckling temperature is about 3%to 4%lower.The stability is better when graphene is concentrated on the inner and outer surfaces of the shell than when it is concentrated in the middle.The critical flutter velocity decreases with the increase of porosity coefficient,while the impact of the po-rosity coefficient on the critical buckling temperature also varies with different porosity distribution types.