针对老年人驾驶机能的下降以及行车风险的增加,提出一种考虑老年驾驶人出行代价的安全路径规划方法.首先,对老年驾驶人与中青年驾驶人的驾驶特性进行差异性分析,并探究老年驾驶人在不同驾驶场景下的安全可靠性与场景冲突概率的关系,构建驾驶人安全可靠性代价函数;然后,基于老年驾驶人的驾驶信心调查结果,构建驾驶人驾驶信心代价函数,并以安全可靠性、驾驶信心和道路阻抗为出行代价提出安全性最优路径规划方法;最后,通过驾驶模拟试验获取了不同路径的驾驶行为特征数据,并使用改进的认知可靠性与失误分析(Cognitive Reliability and Error Analysis Method,CREAM)模型评估老年驾驶人在不同行驶路径的人因失误概率,从驾驶人失误概率的角度对路径安全性进行评价.结果表明,最优路径B的人因失误概率为0.048785,路径A的人因失误概率为0.052731,说明本文规划的最优路径安全性较好,提出的安全出行路径规划方法能为老年驾驶人行车安全改善提供理论参考,可有效提升老年驾驶人的出行安全.
Safe Travel Path Planning Considering the Travel Cost of Elderly Drivers
Proposed is a safety path planning method that considers the declining driving abilities of the elderly and the increased risks associated with their driving.Firstly,a comparative analysis of driving characteristics be-tween elderly drivers and young and middle-aged drivers is conducted,exploring the relationship between the elderly drivers'safety reliability and scenario conflict probability in different driving situations,thereby construc-ting a driving safety reliability cost function.Secondly,based on the results of a driving confidence survey among elderly drivers,a driving confidence cost function is developed.The optimal path planning method for safety con-siders the cost of safety reliability,driving confidence,and road impedance as travel cost factors.Finally,driv-ing behavior data for different paths is obtained through driving simulation experiments,and an improved Cogni-tive Reliability and Error Analysis Method(CREAM)model is used to evaluate the human error probability for elderly drivers on different travel paths,thus assessing path safety from the perspective of driver error probability.Results show that the human error probability of the optimal path B is 0.048 785,while the error probability of the compared path A is 0.052 731.This indicates that the safety of the optimal path planned in this paper is rel-atively good.The proposed method for safe travel route planning can provide theoretical reference for improving the safety of elderly drivers,effectively enhancing the travel safety of elderly drivers.
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