Numerical Simulation Analysis of Flood Discharge Safety in Ultra-Long Double Diversion Tunnel
The double diversion tunnels of a large-scale project are closely spaced,parallel hydraulic structures with a shared outlet and a length exceeding 3 000 meters and on interval of 40 meters.The safety of their opera-tion has been a subject of great concern.In this paper,a three-dimensional turbulent mathematical model was employed to analyze the flow capacity,tunnel body and plug section,as well as the hydraulic characteristics of the inlets and outlets of the double diversion tunnels under different operating conditions.The results indicate that the overall layout and design of the double diversion tunnels are reasonable,with the calculated flow rates from numerical simulations matching well with existing formulas.There are no adverse hydraulic indicators in the bodies of the two tunnels,and they are essentially consistent with each other.The mutual interference of the wa-ter flow at the outlets of the two tunnels is minimal.The positioning and shape of the plug are also reasonable.Under low flow conditions,long hydraulic jumps and open channel flow phenomena will occur in both tunnels,suggesting that structural protection and air injection design in these areas should be strengthened.The applica-tion of ultra-long parallel double diversion tunnels in engineering is feasible,and the findings provide technical support for the design and operation of similar long-distance parallel diversion tunnels.
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