Effect of chloroquine on Candida albicans biofilms and its drug resistance
Objective To evaluate the effects of chloroquine alone and in combination with traditional antifungal agents on the Candi-da albicans biofilms and its drug resistance.Methods This study used standard strains of Candida albicans,and drug-resistant strains of Candida albicans.The inhibitory effects of chloroquine alone and in combination with antifungal drugs on biofilms of Candida albi-cans were detected by XTT reduction method and chessboard dilution method respectively.The morphological characteristics of biofilms were observed under scanning electron microscopy.Results Chloroquine at the concentration of 50 μmol/L or above showed a direct inhibitory effect and increased with concentration.Chloroquine combined with amphotericin B had a synergistic inhibitory effect.Results of the time-killing curve showed that the growth trends of biofilms treated with chloroquine alone and combined with amphotericin B var-ied in different time periods during the experimental culture.Morphological observation also revealed that chloroquine alone and in com-bination with amphotericin B could reduce the ability of Candida albicans to form hyphae and biofilms.Conclusion Chloroquine has an inhibitory effect on Candida albicans biofilms and can reduce its drug resistance.Furthermore,chloroquine shows a synergistic anti-fungal effect when combined with amphotericin B.
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