Regenerative endodontic treatment for young permanent teeth after unsuccessful root canal therapy is challenging and rarely reported,and requires long-term follow-up for efficacy assessment.This case demonstrates a regenerative endodontic treatment for the mandibular second premolar.The periapical inflammation of this tooth was caused by inadequate filling.The outcome was favorable after 36 months of follow-up.Clinical examination and imaging revealed that the tooth exhibited normal percussion responses,and the low-density images of periapical inflammation disappeared.The infection control of the affected tooth was achieved,and the pulp regeneration was induced.
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