首页|西南低温成矿域Au-Sb-Hg-Pb-Zn矿床方解石REE地球化学特征及找矿指示

西南低温成矿域Au-Sb-Hg-Pb-Zn矿床方解石REE地球化学特征及找矿指示

The REE geochemical characteristics of calcites from Au-Sb-Hg-Pb-Zn deposits in the southwestern China and their prospecting implications

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西南大面积低温成矿域是我国Au、Sb、Hg、Pb-Zn等中低温热液矿床的重要基地,各种热液矿床之间是否存在成因关系仍是一个悬而未决的科学问题.方解石是各种热液矿床的重要脉石矿物,本文选择上述各种中低温矿种中的丫他卡林型金矿床、晴隆-巴年锑矿床、拉峨汞矿床、会泽铅锌矿床等作为典型矿床,并对矿床中出露的成矿和非成矿期方解石进行REE对比研究.结果发现,不同类型矿床成矿期方解石明显具有不同的REE特征,卡林型金矿床中显示MREE富集,锑矿床显示M-HREE富集的特征,说明金、锑矿床的成矿流体来源可能与深部隐伏花岗岩体有关;Pb-Zn-Hg矿床整体显示LREE富集,Hg矿床与标准海相碳酸盐岩LREE富集的配分模式一致,但Pb-Zn矿床中轻稀土元素内部具有La、Ce亏损的左倾特征,说明Hg矿床成矿流体可能主要来自于大气降水对赋矿海相碳酸盐岩的溶解作用,铅锌矿床成矿流体可能来自于盆地卤水浸取基底地层及其围岩所形成的混合流体.无论何种矿种,与成矿无关的方解石均具有LREE富集的特征,方解石的上述REE配分模式特征也可作为各种类型热液矿床的重要找矿标志.
The large areal low-temperature metallogenic domain in the southwestern China is an important base for Au,Sb,Hg,Pb-Zn and other medium-low temperature hydrothermal deposits in China.Whether there is genetic relationship among those various hydrothermal deposits is still an unresolved scientific issue.Calcite as an important gangue mineral is widely distributed in various types of hydrothermal deposits.In this paper,the Yata Carlin-type gold deposit,Qinglong and Banian antimony deposits,La'e mercury deposit and Huize lead-zinc deposit in the above region are selected as research objects of typical deposits to comparatively study characteristics of rare earth elements(REE)of their calcites collected from various veins of different mineralization and non-mineralization periods.The results show that calcites of metallogenic periods in different types of deposits have obviously different REE patterns.Calcites of the Carlin-type gold deposits show enrichment characteristics of the MREE and those of antimony deposits have enrichment characteristics of the M-HREE,indicating that the ore-forming fluids of gold and antimony deposits could be sourced from the magma of deep concealed granite.Calcites of the Pb-Zn-Hg deposits generally show enrichment characteristics of the LREE.In addition,the REE distribution patterns of calcites in Hg deposit are consistent with those of the standard marine carbonate rocks,whereas those of calcites in Pb-Zn deposit are characterized with the left-inclined REE patterns with the La and Ce depletion.These characteristics indicate that the ore-forming fluid of mercury deposit could be mainly sourced from the dissolution of marine carbonate rocks by meteoric water,but the ore-forming fluid of lead-zinc deposit could be sourced from the mixed fluid through the leaching of basement strata and wall rocks by the basinal brine.No matter what kinds of ore deposits,calcites which are unrelated to mineralization have the LREE enrichment characteristics of REE distribution patterns.The above REE distribution pattern characteristics of calcites can also be used as important indicators for prospecting various types of hydrothermal deposits in the area.

Au-Sb-Hg-Pb-Zn depositsCalciteRare earth elementsThe large areal low temperature metallogenic domain in the southwestern China

付浩、王加昇、常晋阳、王燕、王博、叶彬、李浩宇

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昆明理工大学国土资源工程学院,云南昆明 650093

中国有色桂林矿产地质研究院有限公司,广西桂林 541004

云南省地质调查院,云南昆明 650216

Au-Sb-Hg-Pb-Zn矿床 方解石 稀土元素 西南大面积低温成矿域

云南省科技计划国家自然科学基金面上项目云南省万人计划青年拔尖人才项目

202202AG05000641772070云人社通[2020]150号

2024

10.16461/j.cnki.1000-4734.2024.44.012

矿物学报
中国矿物岩石地球化学学会 中国科学院地球化学研究所

矿物学报

CSTPCD北大核心
影响因子：1.2
ISSN：1000-4734
年,卷(期)：2024.44(1)
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