Researches on the abiogenic condensed carbonaceous matter in the serpentinization environment
Serpentinization of ultramafic rocks is a common geological process.In the serpentinization environment,abiogenic organic matters,such as methane,which were generated through reduction of inorganic carbon,would provide necessary energy for chemoautotrophic organisms.In recent years,condensed carbonaceous matter(CCM),which is believed to have contained abiogenic complex organics and have played important role in the origin and evolution processes of life,has been found in ultramafic rocks and serpentine.In this paper,we have introduced the definition,discovery process and occurrence characteristics of the CCM formed in the serpentinization process,and have discussed the formation mechanisms,constraint factors of formation environment,and the discrimination of abiotic sources of the CCM.The formation of CCM is thought to be related to the serpentinization of ultramafic rocks and Fischer-Tropsch reaction.The intergrowth association structure generally formed among the CCM and specific minerals,such as iron oxide or saponite,not only provides evidence for the abiogenic synthesis,but also demonstrates the catalytic effect of specific minerals on the CCM synthesis.In addition,the ratio of H2 and CO2 in the fluid could have impacted chemical composition of the CCM,and serpentinite nanopores are thought to be beneficial to the CCM formation.However,the specific formation process of the CCM and its interrelationship with abiogenic simple organics,such as methane,are still unknown.They should be further studied in the future as an important research direction.
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