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关于实践知识的析取论

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自安斯康姆将实践知识重新引入当代行动哲学以来,学界通常围绕其实践性与非观察性分别展开讨论,却易于忽视两种特性间存在的张力.类比知觉情形,这种张力将易于导致一种关于实践知识的怀疑论,即我们不可能真正拥有关于自身有意行动的实践知识.麦克道尔提示了一种将关于知觉经验的析取论拓展至有意行动进而回应上述怀疑论的可能,但存在诸多问题.文章尝试修正与发展麦克道尔的析取论方案,主张就实践知识而言,区分好坏析取支的标准应当从有意行动"成功与否"转为"适切与否",这将更好地回应关于实践知识的怀疑论.
Disjunctivism About Practical Knowledge
Since Anscombe reintroduced practical knowledge into contemporary philosophy of action,philosophers usually focus on its practicality and the non-observational,without attention to the tension between the two charac-teristics.By analogy with the perceptual situation,I argue that this tension will lead to a skepticism about practical knowledge,i.e.,that we cannot really have practical knowledge of our own intentional actions.McDowell sugges-ted a possible extension of the disjunctive theory of perceptual experience to intentional action in response to the skepticism about practical knowledge,but there are many problems.I attempt to revise and develop McDowell's disjunctive scheme,arguing that as for practical knowledge,the criterion for distinguishing good and bad disjuncts should be shifted from"successful or not"to"apt or not"for intentional action,which will be a better way to re-spond to skepticism.

practical knowledgeintentional actionpracticalitynon-observationaldisjunctivism

陈仕伟

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同济大学人文学院哲学系,上海 200433

实践知识 有意行动 实践性 非观察性 析取论

上海市浦江人才计划项目

21PJC12

2024

科学技术哲学研究
山西大学 山西省自然辩证法研究会

科学技术哲学研究

CSSCICHSSCD北大核心
影响因子:0.299
ISSN:1674-7062
年,卷(期):2024.41(1)
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