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英国人类胚胎研究中科学争论的结束机制分析

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1978-1990年间,英国围绕人类胚胎研究的争论及解决,为解决科学争论提供了良好范本.借鉴柯林斯所提出的科学争论结束机制,可以发现科学共识的达成是借助"核心层"的私密磋商与社会因素渗透而实现的.经过申请研究—舆论争议—核心层磋商谈判—引导公众态度—达成共识五个环节,社会利益渗透进核心层,将公众意见、科学家判断以及政府态度综合纳入决策的考量,既结束了科学争论,也生产出适用于公共决策的科学知识.
Analysis of the Ending Mechanism of Scientific Controversies Surrounding Human Embryo Research in British
The controversy surrounding human embryo research and its resolution in the UK during 1978-1990 pro-vides a good example for resolving scientific controversies.Drawing on the ending mechanism of scientific contro-versy proposed by Harry Collins,we can find that scientific consensus was achieved through private consultation in-side the"core-set"with considering the social factors.Through the five-stage process from research application,public opinion controversy,core set consultation and negotiation,guiding public attitudes,to reaching consensus,social interests are integrated into the core-set consideration,and public opinion,scientists'judgment,and gov-ernment attitudes are taken into account in decision-making,which not only ends scientific controversies,but also produces reasonable public science knowledge.

human embryo researchscientific controversyending mechanismscore-set

尚智丛、张晓旭

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中国科学院大学人文学院,北京 100049

人类胚胎研究 科学争论 结束机制 核心层

北京市社会科学基金规划项目

21ZXA002

2024

科学技术哲学研究
山西大学 山西省自然辩证法研究会

科学技术哲学研究

CSSCICHSSCD北大核心
影响因子:0.299
ISSN:1674-7062
年,卷(期):2024.41(1)
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