A Flight Schedule Optimization Method Considering Characteristics of the Wind Direction's Probability
During the actual operation of flight schedules,the change of wind direction affects the arrival time of flights at the shared waypoints in the terminal area,which in turn causes capacity overload or capacity waste.Therefore,flight schedule is adjusted based on statistical probabilities of wind direction,with the aim of developing a flight schedule that can reduce to some extent the ca-pacity overload or waste of shared waypoints.The concept of a benchmark wind direction was proposed based on the impact of wind di-rection on the allocation of runways for departing flights.Using the probability of the benchmark wind direction at the airport for each month in the past five years during the flight season,the probability of the benchmark wind direction for each month in the next year was predicted,and all the months were clustered by characteristics of the wind direction's probability.On the basis of the clustering re-sults,taking the effect extent of wind direction change on waypoint's flow as the objective function,a flight schedule optimization model considering characteristics of wind direction's probability was established,and the ε-constraint method was combined with an improved particle swarm algorithm(PSO)to solve the multi-objective model,which was called ε-constraint-PSO combination algorithm.The de-parture flights from the Beijing terminal area were used as the research object for verification.The results show that compared with the initial flight schedule,the maximum value of the hourly flow of shared waypoints decrease by 12％,and the variance of the shared way-point flow at different benchmark wind directions decrease by 49％and 56％,respectively.Compared with the linear weighting meth-od,this method can reduce the total number of overflow flights at shared waypoints by 70％.Research results indicate that considering the characteristics of the wind direction's probability,the model can to some extent achieve a more balanced flow of traffic at shared waypoints,reducing occurrences of capacity overload or waste at these waypoints,reducing the effect extent of wind direction change on waypoint's flow.
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