对农村居民点用地进行合理规划对于平衡城乡用地矛盾具有重要意义.以张家界市为例,首先运用地理信息系统(geographic information system,GIS)分析方法分析农村居民点空间分异特征;其次从区位交通、自然环境、社会经济三个方面选取了与公路、河流、学校、医院的距离、高程、温度和降水等14个指标,运用未来土地利用模拟(future land-use simulation,FLUS)模型在自然发展情景下预测2025年、2030年和2035年土地利用状况;最后提取2030年农村居民点用地数据,基于地理模拟与优化系统(geographical simulation and optimization systems,GeoSOS)平台运用蚁群优化算法(ant colony optimization,ACO)进行空间布局优化,采用景观格局指数量化分析优化前后变化并给出建议.研究发现:①张家界市农村居民点近几年用地增加但聚集度减小,布局总体表现出"中东部密,西北部疏"的分异特征,破碎化明显,需要进行科学合理规划;②农村居民点的分布密度分别为永定区＞慈利县＞武陵源区＞桑植县,布局模式按基本形态可划分为团状、带状、零散和组团模式;③FLUS模型预测2025年、2030年和2035年农村居民点规模通过精度验证,在2025-2035年间由扩张趋于平稳,局部密度增长但整体密度变化不大,形状与其他类型用地相比较为简单;④优化后农村居民点用地整体布局往地势平坦区域聚集,形态表现为"整体聚集、局部分散",该研究可为区域农村用地布局规划提供技术支撑.
Simulation and Optimization of Rural Residential Layout Based on FLUS-ACO Model:A Case Study of Zhangjiajie City
The rational planning of land use in rural residential areas is of great significance for balancing the contradiction between urban and rural land use.Taking Zhangjiajie City as an example,geographic information system(GIS)analysis methods were first used to analyze the spatial differentiation characteristics of rural residential areas.Secondly,14 indicators related to location,transportation,natural environment,and socio-economic aspects,such as distance to highways,rivers,schools,hospitals,elevation,temperature,and precipitation,were selected.The future land-use simulation(FLUS)model was then used to predict the land use status for 2025,2030,and 2035 under natural development scenarios.Finally,the land use data for rural residential areas in 2030 were extracted,and the ant colony optimization(ACO)algorithm was used for spatial layout optimization based on the geographical simulation and optimization systems(GeoSOS)platform.Quantitative analysis of landscape patterns was conducted before and after optimization,and recommendations were provided.The results show these as follows.In recent years,the land use of rural residential areas in Zhangjiajie City has increased but the degree of aggregation has decreased,showing a distinct"dense in the central and eastern parts,sparse in the northwestern parts"differentiation characteristic,with significant fragmentation,indicating the need for scientific and rational planning.The distribution density of rural residential areas in Zhangjiajie City is in the order of Yongding District＞Cili County＞Wulingyuan District＞Sangzhi County,and the layout patterns can be divided into clustered,strip-shaped,scattered,and clustered patterns according to their basic forms.The FLUS model predicted that the scale of rural residential areas in 2025,2030,and 2035 tended to stabilize after expansion,with local density growth but overall density changes not significant,and the shape was relatively simple compared to other land use types.After optimization,the overall layout of rural residential areas tended to concentrate in flat areas,with the form showing"overall aggregation and local dispersion".The results can provide technical support for regional rural land use layout planning.
万方数据
维普
