Physical biomedical science:A new field of original interdisciplinary research
Physical biomedical science is an emerging interdisciplinary research field that deeply integrates physics and biomedicine,and incorporates knowledge and technology from physical sciences in multiple fields such as materials science,chemistry,information science,and mechanical engineering.Starting from the development process of modem interdisciplinary research between physics and biomedicine,this paper clearly proposes that"physical biomedical science",as a cutting-edge interdisciplinary subject,its scientific connotation is to reveal the physical laws of life phenomena and use physical methods and technologies to control the process of life activities.Through comparison,the differences in research paradigms,research methods and research objects between"physical biomedical science","biophysics"and"chemical biology"are also clarified.From the perspective of research scope,"physical biomedical science"focuses on the analysis of endogenous physical signals generated along with life activities;as well as exploring the regulatory effects of exogenous physical fields on cells,tissues,organs,and individuals and revealing the underlying mechanisms.Specifically,the authors summarize four important research directions of"physical biomedical science".(1)Discovering the targets of physical stimulation:In addition to receptors that specifically sense physical stimuli,exogenous physical signals can also directly interact with a variety of biological macromolecules,thereby changing the conformation of biological molecules and regulating life activities.The study of targets that respond to physical stimuli also lays the foundation for the development of emerging technologies such as optogenetics,electrogenetics,and magnetogenetics.(2)Exploring the biological regulatory effects and mechanisms of physical stimulation:Physical stimulations have regulatory mechanisms through"receptor activation and signal transduction pathways"similar to those in"chemical biology";they can also directly act on and alter the structure and function of tissues/cells/subcellular components/molecules.(3)Detecting extremely weak physical signals in life activities:Exploring the changing patterns of endogenous physical signals under physiological and pathological conditions provides a basis for revealing the occurrence and development of diseases,and also provides theoretical guidance for disease treatment strategies based on physical stimulation.(4)Developing new physical diagnosis and treatment techniques:Design and manufacture highly integrated bioelectronics that can apply physical stimulation or detect physical signals to meet the development needs of digitalization,personalization,intelligence,and portability of medical devices.At the end of this paper,challenges and urgent scientific issues that need to be solved in"physical biomedical science"research are also summarized.The authors hope that through the innovation of research mechanisms and the forward-looking layout of research directions,"physical biomedical science"is expected to become a leading and world-class competitive discipline in the future.
physical biomedical sciencephysical signal detectionphysical stimulation treatmentphysical fieldinterdisciplinary
杜全生、粟硕、戴慧、李舟
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国家自然科学基金委员会交叉科学部,北京 100085
上海市重大传染病和生物安全研究院,复旦大学公共卫生学院,上海 200032
北京大学基础医学院免疫学系,北京 100191
中国科学院北京纳米能源与系统研究所,北京 101400
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physical biomedical science physical signal detection physical stimulation treatment physical field interdisciplinary
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